School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile; Center for Research in Inclusive Education, Chile.
School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile.
Child Abuse Negl. 2020 Sep;107:104602. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104602. Epub 2020 Jun 17.
Although a significant amount of literature has explored peer sexual harassment in higher education, little is known about peer sexual harassment in primary and middle school. Among existing studies, most have examined individual student characteristics that predict peer sexual harassment without considering the importance of the classroom and school context, which may prevent or promote such harassment.
The purpose of this study was to identify individual and school-related factors predicting sexual harassment victimization.
A sample of 17,364 Chilean students from Grades 5 through 8 in 405 schools with low socioeconomic status answered instruments concerning peer sexual harassment, other types of peer victimization and discrimination, and perceptions of classroom and school climate and norms against sexual harassment. Data were analyzed through hierarchical multivariate regression.
Experiences of being sexual harassed by other students were reported by 13.5 % of students, with higher frequencies in male students, students from Grades 5 and 6, and students with lower individual socioeconomic status. School-related experiences of being discriminated against due to sexual orientation, ethnic origin, and disability were the strongest predictors of sexual harassment victimization.
We discuss how peer sexual harassment might be understood as a consequence of peer social discrimination based on sexism, racism, and ableism. We also discuss the need to provide inclusive school climate policies that allow all students to feel safe and included.
尽管大量文献探讨了高等教育中的同伴性骚扰问题，但对于中小学中的同伴性骚扰问题却知之甚少。在现有研究中，大多数研究都考察了预测同伴性骚扰的个体学生特征，而没有考虑课堂和学校环境的重要性，这些因素可能会预防或促进此类骚扰。
本研究旨在确定预测性骚扰受害的个体和学校相关因素。
一项对智利 405 所社会经济地位较低的 5 至 8 年级学生进行的抽样调查，共 17364 名学生，他们回答了关于同伴性骚扰、其他类型的同伴受害和歧视以及对课堂和学校氛围的看法以及对性骚扰的规范的问卷。通过分层多元回归分析数据。
13.5%的学生报告曾受到其他学生的性骚扰，男生、5 年级和 6 年级学生以及个人社会经济地位较低的学生报告的频率更高。因性取向、族裔和残疾而在学校受到歧视的经历是性骚扰受害的最强预测因素。
我们讨论了如何将同伴性骚扰理解为基于性别歧视、种族主义和残疾歧视的同伴社会歧视的后果。我们还讨论了需要提供包容的学校氛围政策，让所有学生都感到安全和包容。
