State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2020 Oct;64:6-12. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.05.013. Epub 2020 Jun 18.
Haploid pluripotent stem cells, which are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into other cell types with only one set of chromosomes, have been established in several species from haploid embryos. Compared with diploid embryonic stem cells (ESCs), haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) are smaller in size, have a prolonged metaphase, and undergo self-doubling during culture. The monoallelic expression of haESCs provides great convenience for recessive inheritance research. Genetically modified haESCs also provide benefits in replacement of the gamete genomes, which not only facilitates the study of the function of imprinted genes but also potentially removes barriers to same-sex reproduction. In this review, we focus on strategies for obtaining haESCs and their potential applications in genetic screening, genomic imprinting, and unisexual reproduction.
单倍体多能干细胞能够自我更新，并在只有一组染色体的情况下分化为其他细胞类型，已经在几种单倍体胚胎物种中建立。与二倍体胚胎干细胞（ESCs）相比，单倍体胚胎干细胞（haESCs）体积更小，中期时间延长，并且在培养过程中会自我加倍。haESCs 的单等位基因表达为隐性遗传研究提供了极大的便利。基因修饰的 haESCs 也为配子基因组的替代提供了好处，这不仅有助于研究印迹基因的功能，而且还可能消除对同性生殖的障碍。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了获得 haESCs 的策略及其在遗传筛选、基因组印迹和单性生殖中的潜在应用。
