Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, 8, Jiangwangmiao Road, XuanWu District, 210042, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
School of Geographical Science, Nantong University, 226007, Nantong, People's Republic of China.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2020 Aug;105(2):307-316. doi: 10.1007/s00128-020-02911-z. Epub 2020 Jun 20.
It has recently been reported that plateau lakes have been seriously polluted by organic matter, however, the sources of this organic matter and their relative contributions remain unknown. In this study, to determine the sources and composition of the organic matter in the Hulun Lake basin during the spring-thaw period, a total of twenty-three sampling sites were investigated. Results showed high levels of organic matter pollution in the surface water of Hulun Lake, with an average COD values of 119.35 mg L. Organic matter came from natural sources as well as a variety of anthropogenic activities. The direct sources included urbanization, industrial and residential wastewater discharge, and emission from burning fossile fuels. A large indirect source was organic matter from tumbleweed decomposition, which had increased due to desertification caused by overgrazing. The principal component analysis showed that organic matter from Hulun lake shared composition and sources with the upstream sections of the natural tributaries and the downstream section of the artificial tributary. The artificial inflow river contributed more organic matter than the other tributaries. Notably, a large portion of organic matter in Hulun Lake came from decomposing tumbleweed concentrated in the downstream section of one of the natural rivers. New indirect consequences of human activities must be factored into the rule and regulations that protect plateau lake ecosystems alongside the direct effects of established human activities.
最近有报道称，高原湖泊受到了有机物的严重污染，但这些有机物的来源及其相对贡献尚不清楚。在这项研究中，为了确定春季融冰期呼伦湖流域有机物的来源和组成，共调查了二十三个采样点。结果表明，呼伦湖表层水受到了高浓度有机物的污染，其 COD 值平均为 119.35mg/L。有机物既来自自然源，也来自各种人为活动。直接来源包括城市化、工业和生活污水排放以及燃烧化石燃料的排放。一个大的间接来源是因过度放牧导致荒漠化而增加的风滚草分解产生的有机物。主成分分析表明，呼伦湖的有机物与天然支流的上游部分和人工支流的下游部分具有相同的组成和来源。人工流入河的有机物贡献量大于其他支流。值得注意的是，呼伦湖中很大一部分有机物来自于集中在一条天然河流下游的风滚草分解。在保护高原湖泊生态系统的规则和法规中，除了考虑已建立的人类活动的直接影响外，还必须考虑人类活动的新的间接后果。
