Liao Y J, Xu C X, Ma C Q, Qin Z W, Su Y J, Zhu H R, Zhang X T, Li C, Li X M, Wang Z Y, Yuan J X, Fan H M
School of Public Health, North China of Science and Technology University, Tangshan 063210, China; Hebei Province Coal and Safety Key Laboratory, Tangshan 063210, China.
Tangshan Hongci Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Jun 10;41(6):929-933. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20190915-00673.
To investigate the prevalence of pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM) and the impact of occupation-related factors on PDM, among workers from a steel company in Tangshan city, Hebei province. Clustering sampling method was used to select a steel company and to carry out occupational health-related physical checkup programs for eligible workers who had working in this company for longer than one year. The study began in February and ended up in June, 2017. Workers who were with FPG level as ≤6.9 mmol/L, and free from diabetes, were selected as the subjects for this study. Questionnaires were used and physical examinations and FPG testing conducted. The total number of subjects in this study was 4 173, of which 2 648 appeared as pre-diabetic, with the prevalence rate as 63.4. Increase of the PDM prevalence was in parallel with the length of service, among the workers. The risk for the pre-diabetes in those who worked more than 8 hours per day was 1.696 times higher than those who worked less than or equal to 8 h/d (95:1.517-1.937). Compared with those workers without exposures to heat, noise or carbon monoxides, the proportion of pre-diabetes appeared higher in workers exposed to heat, noise or CO with =1.782 (95: 1.205-2.636), 1.815 (95: 1.209-2.794) and 1.653 (95: 1.158-2.361), respectively. Risks for those who were exposed to heat or noise were higher than those who were free from exposure to any occupational hazards (=2.098, 95: 1.296-3.397). Prevalence rates of pre-diabetes in those who were exposed to heat, noise or CO, were higher than that those who were not. Working hours and exposures to heat, noise or CO appeared as influential factors on PDM.
为调查河北省唐山市某钢铁公司工人中糖尿病前期（PDM）的患病率以及职业相关因素对PDM的影响。采用整群抽样方法选取一家钢铁公司，对在该公司工作一年以上的符合条件的工人开展职业健康相关体检项目。研究于2017年2月开始，6月结束。将空腹血糖（FPG）水平≤6.9 mmol/L且无糖尿病的工人选为研究对象。采用问卷调查，并进行体格检查和FPG检测。本研究的受试者总数为4173人，其中2648人表现为糖尿病前期，患病率为63.4%。在工人中，PDM患病率的增加与工作年限平行。每天工作超过8小时的人患糖尿病前期的风险比每天工作小于或等于8小时的人高1.696倍（95%置信区间：1.517 - 1.937）。与未接触热、噪声或一氧化碳的工人相比，接触热、噪声或一氧化碳的工人中糖尿病前期的比例更高，分别为1.782（95%置信区间：1.205 - 2.636）、1.815（95%置信区间：1.209 - 2.794）和1.653（95%置信区间：1.158 - 2.361）。接触热或噪声的人的风险高于未接触任何职业危害的人（比值比 = 2.098，95%置信区间：1.296 - 3.397）。接触热、噪声或一氧化碳的人糖尿病前期的患病率高于未接触者。工作时间以及接触热、噪声或一氧化碳似乎是PDM的影响因素。
