Baksh Mizba, Ravat Virendrasinh, Zaidi Annam, Patel Rikinkumar S
Internal Medicine, Dr. Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada, IND.
Internal Medicine, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, IND.
Cureus. 2020 May 18;12(5):e8188. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8188.
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic after it spread to 213 countries and has the highest total number of cases worldwide. About 80% of COVID-19 infections are mild or asymptomatic and never require hospitalization but about 5% of patients become critically ill and develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The widely used management for ARDS in COVID-19 has been in line with the standard approach, but the need to adjust the treatment protocols has been questioned based on the reports of higher mortality risk among those requiring mechanical ventilation. Treatment options for this widespread disease are limited and there are no definitive therapies or vaccines until now. Although some antimalarial and antiviral drugs may prove effective against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), their safety and efficacy are still under clinical trials. We conducted a systematic review of case reports on ARDS in SARS-CoV-2 infection to summarize the clinical presentation, laboratory and chest imaging findings, management protocols, and outcome of ARDS in COVID-19-positive patients. We need more data and established studies for the effective management of the novel SARS-CoV-2 and to reduce mortality in high-risk patients.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在传播至213个国家后被宣布为全球大流行，其全球累计病例数最多。约80%的COVID-19感染者症状轻微或无症状，无需住院治疗，但约5%的患者会发展为危重症并出现急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）。COVID-19中ARDS的广泛治疗方法一直符合标准方法，但根据需要机械通气的患者中更高死亡风险的报告，调整治疗方案的必要性受到了质疑。这种广泛传播疾病的治疗选择有限，目前尚无明确的治疗方法或疫苗。尽管一些抗疟疾和抗病毒药物可能对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）有效，但其安全性和有效性仍在临床试验中。我们对SARS-CoV-2感染中ARDS的病例报告进行了系统综述，以总结COVID-19阳性患者中ARDS的临床表现、实验室和胸部影像学检查结果、管理方案及转归。我们需要更多数据和既定研究来有效管理新型SARS-CoV-2并降低高危患者的死亡率。
