Urology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
Urology Department, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain.
BJU Int. 2021 Mar;127(3):269-291. doi: 10.1111/bju.15145. Epub 2020 Sep 2.
To systematically review the literature in order to investigate the efficacy and safety of surgical and non-invasive penile enhancement procedures for aesthetic and therapeutic purposes.
A systematic search for papers investigating penile enhancement procedures was performed using the MEDLINE database. Articles published from January 2010 to December 2019, written in English, including >10 cases, and reporting objective length and/or girth outcomes, were included. Studies without primary data and conference abstracts were excluded. The main outcome measure was objective length and/or girth improvement. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.
Out of 220 unique records, a total of 57 were reviewed. Eighteen studies assessed interventions for penile enhancement in 1764 healthy men complaining of small penis. Thirty-nine studies investigated 2587 men with concomitant pathologies consisting mostly of Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction. Twenty-five studies evaluated non-invasive interventions and 32 studies assessed surgical interventions, for a total of 2192 and 2159 men, respectively. Non-invasive interventions, including traction therapies and injection of fillers, were safe and mostly efficacious, whereas surgical interventions were associated with minor complications and mostly increased penile dimensions and/or corrected penile curvature. Overall, the quality of studies was low, and standardized criteria to evaluate and report efficacy and safety of procedures, as well as patient satisfaction, were missing.
The quality of the studies on penile enhancement procedures published in the last decade is still low. This prevents us from establishing recommendations based on scientific evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of interventions that are performed to increase the penis size for aesthetic or therapeutic indications.
系统回顾文献，以调查手术和非侵入性阴茎增强程序在美学和治疗目的方面的疗效和安全性。
使用 MEDLINE 数据库对调查阴茎增强程序的论文进行了系统搜索。纳入了 2010 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月发表的英文文章，纳入>10 例，报告客观长度和/或周长结果，并排除了无原始数据和会议摘要的研究。主要结局指标为客观长度和/或周长的改善。本综述符合系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明。
在 220 条独特记录中，共有 57 条被审查。18 项研究评估了 1764 名抱怨阴茎小的健康男性的阴茎增强干预措施。39 项研究调查了 2587 名患有主要为 Peyronie 病和勃起功能障碍的合并症的男性。25 项研究评估了非侵入性干预，32 项研究评估了手术干预，共涉及 2192 名和 2159 名男性。非侵入性干预，包括牵引疗法和填充物注射，是安全且大多有效的，而手术干预与轻微并发症相关，并且大多增加了阴茎尺寸和/或纠正了阴茎弯曲。总体而言，研究的质量较低，并且缺乏评估和报告程序疗效和安全性以及患者满意度的标准化标准。
过去十年中发表的关于阴茎增强程序的研究的质量仍然较低。这使得我们无法根据旨在增加阴茎尺寸的干预措施的疗效和安全性的科学证据制定建议，这些干预措施是出于美学或治疗目的而进行的。
