Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2021 Feb;15(1):e44-e49. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2020.202. Epub 2020 Jun 24.
The Public-Private-People partnership (4P) is a significant element in disaster response. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic has been the worst disaster in the last decades in Iran in terms of exposure and magnitude. In order to respond effectively, the Iranian Government needs an extra capacity, which may be provided by the private sector and people. This study aims to collect evidences of 4P pertaining to the COVID-19 response in Iran from February to April 2020. Partnership case studies are classified into 3 categories: (1) Public-private partnerships; (2) public-people partnerships; and (3) private-people partnerships. It was found that the Iranian Government has removed or diminished some of the barriers to cooperation. There was also more cooperation between the people, the private sector, and the public sector than during normal times (vs disasters). People participated in the response procedure through some associations or groups, such as religious and ethnic communities, as well as through non-governmental organizations. It has been shown that 4P is vital in disaster response and, in particular, to epidemics. The government can be more active in partnerships with the private sector and people in emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Enhancing social capital, institutionalization, and developing required infrastructures by the government will improve public-private partnerships.
公私民伙伴关系（4P）是灾害应对中的一个重要元素。冠状病毒病（COVID-19）作为一种大流行疾病，是伊朗过去几十年中在暴露程度和规模方面最严重的灾害。为了有效应对，伊朗政府需要额外的能力，这可能由私营部门和人民提供。本研究旨在从 2020 年 2 月至 4 月收集与伊朗 COVID-19 应对有关的 4P 证据。伙伴关系案例研究分为三类：（1）公私伙伴关系；（2）公民间伙伴关系；（3）私人间伙伴关系。结果发现，伊朗政府已经消除或减少了一些合作障碍。与平时（与灾害相比）相比，人民、私营部门和公共部门之间的合作也更多。人们通过一些协会或团体，如宗教和族裔社区以及非政府组织，参与应对程序。结果表明，4P 在灾害应对中至关重要，特别是在应对流行病方面。政府可以在像 COVID-19 大流行这样的紧急情况下，更加积极地与私营部门和人民建立伙伴关系。增强社会资本、制度化和政府发展所需的基础设施将改善公私伙伴关系。
