Sports Medicine Research Institute, College of Health Sciences, 4530University of Kentucky.
Percept Mot Skills. 2020 Dec;127(6):1118-1133. doi: 10.1177/0031512520930868. Epub 2020 Jun 24.
Multiple theories regarding motor learning and postural control development aim to explain how the central nervous system (CNS) acquires, adjusts, and learns postural behaviors. However, few theories of postural motor development and learning propose possible neurophysiologic correlates to support their assumptions. Evidence from behavioral and computational models support the cerebellum's role in supervising motor learning through the production of forward internal models, corrected by sensory prediction errors. Optimal Feedback Control Theory (OFCT) states that the CNS learns new behaviors by minimizing the cost of multi-joint movements that attain a task goal. By synthesizing principles of the OFCT, postural sway characteristics, and cerebellar anatomy and its internal models, we propose an integrated learning model in which cerebellar supervision of postural control is governed by movement cost functions.
关于运动学习和姿势控制发展的多种理论旨在解释中枢神经系统（CNS）如何获取、调整和学习姿势行为。然而，很少有关于姿势运动发展和学习的理论提出可能的神经生理相关性来支持其假设。来自行为和计算模型的证据支持小脑通过产生由感觉预测误差校正的正向内部模型在监督运动学习中的作用。最优反馈控制理论（OFCT）指出，CNS 通过最小化达到任务目标的多关节运动的成本来学习新的行为。通过综合 OFCT 的原理、姿势摆动特征以及小脑的解剖结构及其内部模型，我们提出了一个整合学习模型，其中小脑对姿势控制的监督受运动成本函数的控制。
