校园欺凌中道德脱离机制的情境选择性激活:一项重复的被试内实验研究。
Situationally Selective Activation of Moral Disengagement Mechanisms in School Bullying: A Repeated Within-Subjects Experimental Study.
作者信息
Thornberg Robert, Daremark Elina, Gottfridsson Jonn, Gini Gianluca
机构信息
Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Development and Social Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2020 Jun 9;11:1101. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01101. eCollection 2020.
With reference to social-cognitive theory, the aim of the present study was to examine whether school students' tendency to display different moral disengagement mechanisms varies according to different social cues in hypothetical events in which they are engaged in bullying behavior. A repeated within-subjects experimental design was adopted. A total of 706 Swedish students (aged 10-20) from 75 classrooms responded to four verbal bullying vignettes by filling out a self-report survey. The results showed changes in moral disengagement mechanisms across the bullying situations. For instance, moral justification, victim blaming, and dehumanization scored higher in the mean victim condition and lower in the likable victim condition than in the other two conditions. Diffusion of responsibility was higher in the group conformity condition than in the other conditions. The findings also revealed differences in the levels of moral disengagement mechanisms within the bullying conditions. For example, euphemistic labeling and displacement of responsibility scored higher than the other mechanisms in the laughing audience condition. Victim blaming scored higher than the other mechanisms in the mean victim condition. Dehumanization, victim blaming, and moral justification scored lowest while euphemistic labeling was higher than most of the other mechanisms in the likable victim condition.
参照社会认知理论,本研究的目的是考察在假设的校园欺凌行为事件中,学生表现出不同道德推脱机制的倾向是否会因不同的社会线索而有所不同。本研究采用了重复的被试内实验设计。来自75个班级的706名瑞典学生(年龄在10至20岁之间)通过填写一份自我报告调查问卷,对四个言语欺凌场景做出了回应。结果显示,在不同的欺凌情境中,道德推脱机制存在变化。例如,道德辩护、指责受害者和非人化在平均水平的受害者情境中得分较高,在可爱的受害者情境中得分较低,而在其他两种情境中的得分则介于两者之间。责任分散在群体从众情境中比在其他情境中更高。研究结果还揭示了在欺凌情境中道德推脱机制水平的差异。例如,在有笑声的观众情境中,委婉标签和责任转移的得分高于其他机制。在平均水平的受害者情境中,指责受害者的得分高于其他机制。在可爱的受害者情境中,非人化、指责受害者和道德辩护得分最低,而委婉标签的得分高于大多数其他机制。
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