Department of Health Education & Promotion, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
J Gastrointest Cancer. 2021 Jun;52(2):643-650. doi: 10.1007/s12029-020-00422-y.
Considering life-threatening nature of cancer and the problems that it causes for patients and families, recognizing their perspectives toward this issue is important. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine perceived threats by immediate relatives of patients with esophageal cancer.
Using content analysis approach, the present qualitative study was conducted in Golestan Province (north of Iran) in 2018. Through purposive sampling, 23 immediate relatives of patients with esophageal cancer were included in the study. The research techniques included semi-structured and deep interviews. We continued data collection to ensure data saturation was achieved. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed with Graneheim and Lundman's approach of conventional content analysis. The MAXQDA 11 software was applied to conduct the coding process.
Following data analysis, two main categories including "perceived susceptibility" and "perceived severity" were identified for perceived threats. The main category of "perceived susceptibility" comprised of four subcategory, namely, perception of individual, environmental, psychological, and nutritional predisposing factors to the disease. Four subcategories were also extracted for the "perceived severity," including perception of physical, psychological, therapeutic, and social consequences of the disease.
Immediate relatives of patients with esophagus cancer perceived high severity and susceptibility toward this disease and considered themselves vulnerable to this disease. Hence, they suffered from a lot of psychological stress. Development of appropriate interventions regarding the effects of disease-related individual and environmental factors and empowerment of individuals with regard to preventive disease behaviors can be an important step for improving the health of this group.
IRCT20180725040588N1, date registered: 2 October 2018.
考虑到癌症的致命性质以及它给患者和家庭带来的问题，认识他们对这一问题的看法是很重要的。因此，本研究的目的是确定食管癌患者直系亲属感知到的威胁。
本研究采用内容分析法，于 2018 年在伊朗北部戈勒斯坦省进行。通过目的抽样，研究纳入了 23 名食管癌患者的直系亲属。研究技术包括半结构式和深入访谈。我们继续进行数据收集，以确保达到数据饱和。所有访谈均进行录音、转录，然后采用 Graneheim 和 Lundman 的常规内容分析方法进行分析。MAXQDA 11 软件用于进行编码过程。
经过数据分析，确定了感知威胁的两个主要类别，即“感知易感性”和“感知严重性”。“感知易感性”的主要类别包括个体、环境、心理和营养易患因素四个亚类，而“感知严重性”则包括疾病的身体、心理、治疗和社会后果四个亚类。
食管癌患者的直系亲属对该疾病的严重性和易感性感知较高，并认为自己易患该疾病，因此他们承受着很大的心理压力。针对疾病相关个体和环境因素的影响制定适当的干预措施，并增强个体对预防疾病行为的能力，是改善该群体健康的重要步骤。
IRCT20180725040588N1，注册日期：2018 年 10 月 2 日。
