CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Jun 26;69(25):769-775. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6925a1.
As of June 16, 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in 2,104,346 cases and 116,140 deaths in the United States.* During pregnancy, women experience immunologic and physiologic changes that could increase their risk for more severe illness from respiratory infections (1,2). To date, data to assess the prevalence and severity of COVID-19 among pregnant U.S. women and determine whether signs and symptoms differ among pregnant and nonpregnant women are limited. During January 22-June 7, as part of COVID-19 surveillance, CDC received reports of 326,335 women of reproductive age (15-44 years) who had positive test results for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Data on pregnancy status were available for 91,412 (28.0%) women with laboratory-confirmed infections; among these, 8,207 (9.0%) were pregnant. Symptomatic pregnant and nonpregnant women with COVID-19 reported similar frequencies of cough (>50%) and shortness of breath (30%), but pregnant women less frequently reported headache, muscle aches, fever, chills, and diarrhea. Chronic lung disease, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease were more commonly reported among pregnant women than among nonpregnant women. Among women with COVID-19, approximately one third (31.5%) of pregnant women were reported to have been hospitalized compared with 5.8% of nonpregnant women. After adjusting for age, presence of underlying medical conditions, and race/ethnicity, pregnant women were significantly more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (aRR = 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2-1.8) and receive mechanical ventilation (aRR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.2-2.4). Sixteen (0.2%) COVID-19-related deaths were reported among pregnant women aged 15-44 years, and 208 (0.2%) such deaths were reported among nonpregnant women (aRR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.5-1.5). These findings suggest that among women of reproductive age with COVID-19, pregnant women are more likely to be hospitalized and at increased risk for ICU admission and receipt of mechanical ventilation compared with nonpregnant women, but their risk for death is similar. To reduce occurrence of severe illness from COVID-19, pregnant women should be counseled about the potential risk for severe illness from COVID-19, and measures to prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2 should be emphasized for pregnant women and their families.
截至 2020 年 6 月 16 日，2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行已导致美国 2104346 例病例和 116140 例死亡。*怀孕期间，女性会经历免疫和生理变化，这可能会增加她们患呼吸道感染的严重疾病的风险（1,2）。迄今为止，评估美国孕妇 COVID-19 的患病率和严重程度以及确定孕妇和非孕妇症状是否存在差异的数据有限。2020 年 1 月 22 日至 6 月 7 日，作为 COVID-19 监测的一部分，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）收到了 326335 名育龄妇女（15-44 岁）的报告，她们的 SARS-CoV-2 检测结果呈阳性，SARS-CoV-2 是导致 COVID-19 的病毒。在有实验室确诊感染的 91412 名（28.0%）女性中，有怀孕状况数据；其中，8207 名（9.0%）怀孕。患有 COVID-19 的有症状孕妇和非孕妇报告咳嗽（>50%）和呼吸急促（30%）的频率相似，但孕妇较少报告头痛、肌肉疼痛、发烧、发冷和腹泻。与非孕妇相比，慢性肺部疾病、糖尿病和心血管疾病在孕妇中更为常见。在患有 COVID-19 的女性中，约有三分之一（31.5%）的孕妇住院，而非孕妇为 5.8%。调整年龄、存在潜在医疗状况和种族/民族后，孕妇更有可能被收治重症监护病房（ICU）（调整后比值比[aRR]，1.5；95%置信区间[CI]，1.2-1.8）和接受机械通气（aRR，1.7；95%CI，1.2-2.4）。报告了 16 例（0.2%）COVID-19 相关死亡，年龄在 15-44 岁的孕妇中报告了 208 例（0.2%）（aRR，0.9；95%CI，0.5-1.5）。这些发现表明，在患有 COVID-19 的育龄妇女中，与非孕妇相比，孕妇更有可能住院，并且 ICU 入住和机械通气的风险增加，但死亡风险相似。为了降低 COVID-19 严重疾病的发生，应向孕妇提供有关 COVID-19 严重疾病潜在风险的咨询，应强调为孕妇及其家属采取预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染的措施。
