更新:2020 年 1 月 22 日至 10 月 3 日,美国按妊娠状况划分的有症状育龄期女性中经实验室确认感染 SARS-CoV-2 的特征。
Update: Characteristics of Symptomatic Women of Reproductive Age with Laboratory-Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Pregnancy Status - United States, January 22-October 3, 2020.
机构信息
CDC COVID-19 Response Team.
出版信息
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Nov 6;69(44):1641-1647. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6944e3.
Studies suggest that pregnant women might be at increased risk for severe illness associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1,2). This report provides updated information about symptomatic women of reproductive age (15-44 years) with laboratory-confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. During January 22-October 3, CDC received reports through national COVID-19 case surveillance or through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) of 1,300,938 women aged 15-44 years with laboratory results indicative of acute infection with SARS-CoV-2. Data on pregnancy status were available for 461,825 (35.5%) women with laboratory-confirmed infection, 409,462 (88.7%) of whom were symptomatic. Among symptomatic women, 23,434 (5.7%) were reported to be pregnant. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and underlying medical conditions, pregnant women were significantly more likely than were nonpregnant women to be admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) (10.5 versus 3.9 per 1,000 cases; adjusted risk ratio [aRR] = 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.6-3.4), receive invasive ventilation (2.9 versus 1.1 per 1,000 cases; aRR = 2.9; 95% CI = 2.2-3.8), receive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) (0.7 versus 0.3 per 1,000 cases; aRR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.5-4.0), and die (1.5 versus 1.2 per 1,000 cases; aRR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.2-2.4). Stratifying these analyses by age and race/ethnicity highlighted disparities in risk by subgroup. Although the absolute risks for severe outcomes for women were low, pregnant women were at increased risk for severe COVID-19-associated illness. To reduce the risk for severe illness and death from COVID-19, pregnant women should be counseled about the importance of seeking prompt medical care if they have symptoms and measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection should be strongly emphasized for pregnant women and their families during all medical encounters, including prenatal care visits. Understanding COVID-19-associated risks among pregnant women is important for prevention counseling and clinical care and treatment.
研究表明,孕妇患与 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)相关的严重疾病的风险可能会增加(1、2)。本报告提供了有关实验室确诊感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型(SARS-CoV-2)的生殖年龄(15-44 岁)有症状妇女的最新信息。SARS-CoV-2 是导致 COVID-19 的病毒。2020 年 1 月 22 日至 10 月 3 日,CDC 通过国家 COVID-19 病例监测或国家法定传染病监测系统(NNDSS)收到报告,有 1300938 名 15-44 岁女性的实验室结果表明急性感染了 SARS-CoV-2。有 461825 名(35.5%)实验室确诊感染的妇女提供了妊娠状况数据,其中 409462 名(88.7%)有症状。在有症状的妇女中,有 23434 名(5.7%)报告怀孕。在调整年龄、种族/族裔和潜在医疗状况后,与非孕妇相比,孕妇更有可能被收入重症监护病房(ICU)(每 1000 例中有 10.5 例和 3.9 例;调整风险比[aRR]为 3.0;95%置信区间[CI]为 2.6-3.4),需要接受侵入性通气(每 1000 例中有 2.9 例和 1.1 例;aRR 为 2.9;95%CI 为 2.2-3.8),需要体外膜氧合(ECMO)(每 1000 例中有 0.7 例和 0.3 例;aRR 为 2.4;95%CI 为 1.5-4.0),并且死亡(每 1000 例中有 1.5 例和 1.2 例;aRR 为 1.7;95%CI 为 1.2-2.4)。按年龄和种族/族裔对这些分析进行分层,突出了亚组之间风险的差异。尽管妇女发生严重结局的绝对风险较低,但孕妇患严重 COVID-19 相关疾病的风险增加。为了降低 COVID-19 严重疾病和死亡的风险,如果孕妇出现症状,应建议其寻求及时的医疗护理,在所有医疗接触期间,包括产前护理就诊,应向孕妇及其家属强调预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染的措施。了解孕妇与 COVID-19 相关的风险对于预防咨询和临床护理和治疗很重要。