Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Nov;223(5):665-673. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.06.038. Epub 2020 Jun 23.
Gender equity in medicine and surgery has recently received widespread attention. Unlike surgical specialties that remain predominantly male, the majority of obstetrician-gynecologists have been women for nearly a decade, and women have composed the majority of trainees since the 1990s. Despite a critical mass of women, biases related to gender persist in the field. Professional and behavioral expectations of men and women gynecologists remain different for patients and workplace colleagues. Gender discrimination and sexual harassment are still experienced at high rates by both trainees and obstetrician-gynecologists in practice. In addition, in other surgical fields, women gynecologic surgeons face a gender wage gap that is unexplained by differences in experience, hours worked, or subspecialty training. Academic advancement and the attainment of leadership positions remain a challenge for many women. Policies related to pregnancy and parenting may disproportionately affect the careers of women gynecologists. This article presents peer-reviewed evidence relevant to gender equity in the workplace and suggests proactive interventions to ensure diversity and inclusion for gynecologic surgeons.
医学和外科领域的性别平等问题最近受到了广泛关注。与仍然以男性为主的外科专业不同，近十年来，妇产科医生绝大多数是女性，而且自 20 世纪 90 年代以来，女性一直占受训者的大多数。尽管女性人数达到了关键数量，但该领域仍然存在与性别相关的偏见。患者和工作场所同事对男女妇科医生的专业和行为期望仍然存在差异。性别歧视和性骚扰仍然在实习医生和执业妇产科医生中以较高的比例发生。此外，在其他外科领域，女性妇科外科医生面临着性别工资差距，而这种差距无法用经验、工作时间或亚专业培训的差异来解释。许多女性在学术进步和担任领导职位方面仍然面临挑战。与怀孕和育儿相关的政策可能会不成比例地影响妇科医生的职业发展。本文介绍了与工作场所性别平等相关的经过同行评审的证据，并提出了积极主动的干预措施，以确保妇科外科医生的多样性和包容性。
