Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao, 266109, China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Nov;259:127462. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127462. Epub 2020 Jun 21.
Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is an agricultural waste with a high potential for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) removal in aged contaminated soils. In this study, fresh and air-dried Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, and Auricularia auricular SMSs were used to remove PAHs in agricultural soil under 60-day incubation. The potential of SMS in PAH dissipation was studied by detecting the dissipation rate and the soil physicochemical index, enzyme activity, PAH-degradation bacterial biomass, and microbial diversity. Results showed that SMS significantly enhanced the dissipation of PAHs and fresh SMS had a better effect than air-dried SMS. The highest dissipation rate of 16 PAHs was 34.5%, which was observed in soil amended with fresh P. eryngii SMS, and the PAH dissipation rates with low and high molecular weights were 41.3% and 19.4%, respectively. By comparison, fresh P. eryngii SMS presented high nutrient contents, which promoted the development of PAH-degrading bacteria and changed the soil bacterial community involved in degradation, thereby promoting the PAH dissipation. The lignin-degrading enzymes in fresh SMS were abundant, and the laccase and manganese peroxidase activities in the treatment of fresh P. eryngii SMS was higher than those in other treatments. Fresh P. eryngii SMS improved the relative abundance of Microbacterium, Rhizobium, and Pseudomonas in soil, which were all related to PAH degradation. Consequently, adding fresh P. eryngii SMS was an effective method for remediating aged PAH-contaminated agricultural soils.
废弃菌糠（SMS）是一种农业废料，具有在老化污染土壤中去除多环芳烃（PAH）的巨大潜力。在这项研究中，新鲜和风干的糙皮侧耳、杏鲍菇和银耳 SMS 被用于在 60 天的孵化期内去除农业土壤中的 PAHs。通过检测 PAH 消散率以及土壤理化指标、酶活性、PAH 降解细菌生物量和微生物多样性，研究了 SMS 在 PAH 消散中的潜力。结果表明，SMS 显著增强了 PAHs 的消散，新鲜 SMS 的效果优于风干 SMS。16 种 PAHs 的最高消散率为 34.5%，出现在添加新鲜杏鲍菇 SMS 的土壤中，低分子和高分子 PAH 的消散率分别为 41.3%和 19.4%。相比之下，新鲜杏鲍菇 SMS 具有较高的养分含量，促进了 PAH 降解细菌的生长，并改变了参与降解的土壤细菌群落，从而促进了 PAH 的消散。新鲜 SMS 中的木质素降解酶丰富，新鲜杏鲍菇 SMS 处理的漆酶和锰过氧化物酶活性高于其他处理。新鲜杏鲍菇 SMS 提高了土壤中 Microbacterium、Rhizobium 和 Pseudomonas 的相对丰度，它们都与 PAH 降解有关。因此，添加新鲜杏鲍菇 SMS 是修复老化的 PAH 污染农田的有效方法。
