Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea.
Department of Bioinformatics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2020 Jun 26;22(7):45. doi: 10.1007/s11906-020-01050-4.
Excessive dietary salt intake is associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Salt sensitivity, i.e., an elevation in blood pressure in response to high dietary salt intake, has been associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. We investigated whether a causal association exists between dietary sodium intake and hypertension risk using Mendelian randomization (MR).
We performed an MR study using data from a large genome-wide association study comprising 15,034 Korean adults in a community-based cohort study. A total of 1282 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with dietary sodium intake, such as rs2960306, rs4343, and rs1937671, were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighted method was used to assess the evidence for causality. Higher dietary sodium intake was associated with salt-sensitive hypertension risk. The variants of SLC8E1 rs2241543 and ADD1 rs16843589 were strongly associated with increased blood pressure. In the logistic regression model, after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, drinking, exercise, and body mass index, the GRK4 rs2960306TT genotype was inversely associated with hypertension risk (OR, 0.356; 95% CI, 0.236-0.476). However, the 2350GG genotype (ACE rs4343) exhibited a 2.11-fold increased hypertension risk (OR, 2.114; 95% CI, 2.004-2.224) relative to carriers of the 2350AA genotype, after adjusting for confounders. MR analysis revealed that the odds ratio for hypertension per 1 mg/day increment of dietary sodium intake was 2.24 in participants with the PRKG1 rs12414562 AA genotype. Our findings suggest that dietary sodium intake may be causally associated with hypertension risk.
过量的膳食盐摄入与高血压风险增加有关。盐敏感性，即高盐饮食引起的血压升高，与心血管疾病和死亡率风险增加有关。我们使用孟德尔随机化（MR）研究来调查膳食钠摄入量与高血压风险之间是否存在因果关系。
我们使用一项包含 15034 名韩国成年人的基于社区的队列研究的全基因组关联研究数据进行了 MR 研究。选择了 1282 个与膳食钠摄入相关的候选单核苷酸多态性，如 rs2960306、rs4343 和 rs1937671，作为工具变量。使用逆方差加权法评估因果关系的证据。较高的膳食钠摄入量与盐敏感性高血压风险相关。SLC8E1 rs2241543 和 ADD1 rs16843589 的变体与血压升高密切相关。在逻辑回归模型中，在校正年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、运动和体重指数后，GRK4 rs2960306TT 基因型与高血压风险呈负相关（OR，0.356；95%CI，0.236-0.476）。然而，与 2350AA 基因型携带者相比，ACE rs4343 的 2350GG 基因型（OR，2.114；95%CI，2.004-2.224）显示出 2.11 倍的高血压风险增加。MR 分析表明，在 PRKG1 rs12414562AA 基因型的参与者中，膳食钠摄入量每增加 1mg/天，高血压的比值比为 2.24。我们的研究结果表明，膳食钠摄入量可能与高血压风险存在因果关系。
