Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2020 Summer;31(2):106-112. doi: 10.5080/u23735.
The aim of this study is to investigate, the DSM5 criteria of, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Social Communication Disorder (SCD) in young children previously diagnosed with Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) on the DSM-IV-TR, and to evaluate the effects of the symptom severity, emotional-behavioral problems, and age and gender differences on the diagnoses.
The study included 80 children between the ages of 18-72 months, who were diagnosed with PDD on the DSM-IV-TR criteria. The severity of autistic symptoms was measured by the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). The presence of behavioral and emotional problems were evaluated by the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (AbBC).
Among the patients previously diagnosed with PDD, 9 (11.8%) did not meet the DSM-5 ASD criteria; 6 (7.9%) met the SCD criteria while 3 could not be assessed on the SCD criteria due to their small age and therefore not included in either diagnostic classes. The mean CARS, ABC and AbBC scores of the patients who met the ASD criteria, as compared to those who did not, were significantly higher. The two groups did not differ significantly with respect to the gender distribution and mean age.
The patients who had more and severe autistic symptoms had a higher likelihood of getting an ASD diagnosis based on the DSM-5 criteria. The diagnosis of the patients with subthreshold ASD symptoms may be missed on the basis of the new diagnostic criteria.
本研究旨在调查先前根据 DSM-IV-TR 诊断为广泛性发育障碍（PDD）的儿童中，DSM5 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和社交沟通障碍（SCD）标准，评估症状严重程度、情绪行为问题以及年龄和性别差异对诊断的影响。
本研究纳入了 80 名年龄在 18-72 个月之间的儿童，他们均根据 DSM-IV-TR 标准被诊断为 PDD。采用自闭症行为检查表（ABC）和儿童自闭症评定量表（CARS）评估自闭症症状严重程度，采用异常行为检查表（AbBC）评估行为和情绪问题。
在先前被诊断为 PDD 的患者中，有 9 名（11.8%）不符合 DSM-5 ASD 标准；6 名（7.9%）符合 SCD 标准，但由于年龄较小，无法评估 SCD 标准，因此未被纳入任何诊断类别。与不符合 ASD 标准的患者相比，符合 ASD 标准的患者的 CARS、ABC 和 AbBC 评分均值明显更高。两组在性别分布和平均年龄方面无显著差异。
根据 DSM-5 标准，具有更多和更严重自闭症症状的患者更有可能被诊断为 ASD。根据新的诊断标准，亚阈值 ASD 症状患者的诊断可能会被遗漏。
