Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
J Sci Food Agric. 2020 Dec;100(15):5539-5545. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10606. Epub 2020 Jul 28.
Persistent water shortage, typical of Mediterranean agricultural systems, has driven production methods towards the use of regulated deficit irrigation (DI) strategies, which may allow important water savings. To evaluate the extent to which pomegranate (cv. 'Wonderful') attributes may differ depending on the irrigation application rates, we investigated the effect of four different irrigation regimes (100, 75, 50, and 25% of maximum crop evapotranspiration - ET ) on their morpho-pomological, physico-chemical properties, and bioactive compounds.
The weight and the size of whole fruits, and the number of arils and their weight per fruit, decreased significantly with the restriction of ET water volumes applied to the crop. Minor differences were observed in soluble solids, pH, color of fruit skins, arils, and juices, although total acidity, maturity index, vitamin C, glucose, and fructose were not affected. However, total phenol content and antioxidant activity in juices were higher in the samples subjected to the DI treatments than in those submitted to full irrigation, showing the highest value at 50% ET . A similar trend was found for anthocyanins delphinidin-3,5-diglucoside and delphinidin-3-glucoside, reaching the highest concentration at 50% ET . Among non-anthocyanin compounds, punicalagins and pedunculagin were more concentrated in the 75% ETc samples.
The results of the present study indicate that the DI strategy throughout all the growing season is likely to have important implication for the pomegranate's physical, chemical, and phytochemical properties. Knowledge of them is useful in view of their processing and nutritional properties. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
地中海农业系统普遍存在持续缺水的问题，这促使生产方法转向采用控制性亏缺灌溉（DI）策略，这可能会节省大量的水资源。为了评估石榴（品种“奇妙”）特性在多大程度上因灌溉施用量的不同而有所不同，我们研究了四种不同灌溉制度（最大作物蒸散量的 100%、75%、50%和 25%，ET）对其形态学、物理化学性质和生物活性化合物的影响。
随着作物施用水量的限制，整个果实的重量和大小，以及每果的可食粒数和重量均显著降低。果实、可食粒和果汁的可溶性固形物、pH 值、果皮颜色有较小差异，尽管总酸度、成熟指数、维生素 C、葡萄糖和果糖不受影响。然而，DI 处理下的果汁总酚含量和抗氧化活性高于完全灌溉处理，在 50%ET 时达到最高值。花青素矢车菊素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷和矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷也表现出类似的趋势，在 50%ET 时达到最高浓度。在非花青素化合物中，鞣花酸和安石榴甙在 75%ETc 样品中浓度更高。
本研究结果表明，整个生长季节的 DI 策略可能对石榴的物理、化学和植物化学特性有重要影响。了解这些特性对于其加工和营养特性是有用的。© 2020 英国化学学会。
