Zucchi Marcello, Giordanengo Giorgio, Righero Marco, Vecchi Giuseppe
Antenna and Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10124, Turin, Italy.
Antenna and Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory, Advanced Computing and Applications, Fondazione LINKS, 10138, Turin, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 29;10(1):10506. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67354-2.
In this paper, we present a fully automated procedure for the direct design of a novel class of single-feed flat antennas with patterning of a conductive surface. We introduce a convenient surface discretization, based on hexagonal cells, and define an appropriate objective function, including both gain and input matching requirements. The reference geometry is constituted by a very thin, single feed-point square panel. It features a backing metal plate ("ground") and a top conductive layer, which is automatically patterned to achieve the desired radiation and input matching properties. The process employs an evolutionary algorithm combined with a boundary element electromagnetic solver. By applying this method, we designed an antenna tailored to the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band, with a size of [Formula: see text], i.e., [Formula: see text] wavelengths and an height of 4 mm, or 0.03 wavelengths. Measured data confirmed the expected high gain (13 dBi), with a remarkable aperture efficiency (higher than 50%, including losses), thus validating the proposed approach.
在本文中，我们提出了一种全自动程序，用于直接设计一类新型的具有导电表面图案化的单馈平面天线。我们引入了一种基于六边形单元的便捷表面离散化方法，并定义了一个合适的目标函数，该函数同时包含增益和输入匹配要求。参考几何结构由一个非常薄的单馈点方形面板构成。它具有一个背衬金属板（“接地”）和一个顶部导电层，该导电层会自动进行图案化处理以实现所需的辐射和输入匹配特性。该过程采用了一种进化算法与边界元电磁求解器相结合的方法。通过应用此方法，我们设计了一款针对2.4 GHz工业、科学和医疗（ISM）频段的天线，其尺寸为[公式：见原文]，即[公式：见原文]波长，高度为4毫米，即0.03波长。测量数据证实了预期的高增益（13 dBi）以及显著的孔径效率（高于50%，包括损耗），从而验证了所提出的方法。
