Kawaiah Abdal, Thakur Mala, Garg Stuti, Kawasmi Sanad H, Hassan Abbas
Orthopaedics, Xavier University School of Medicine, Oranjestad, ABW.
Internal Medicine, Xavier University School of Medicine, Oranjestad, ABW.
Cureus. 2020 May 26;12(5):e8291. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8291.
The fingertip is defined as the part of the digit distal to the insertion of the extensor and flexor tendons on the distal phalanx. Devastating injuries to the hand occur every year that lead fingertip amputations in thousands of people. The highest incidence rates are usually seen in children less than five years old and in adults over the age of 65. There are various presentations of injury that may end up with post-traumatic fingertip amputation, including lacerations, avulsions, and crush injuries. The fingertip is vital for sensation, as it has a high concentration of sensory receptors, and hence the restoration of sensation is the most important focus of treatment. The three main goals of treatment are the restoration of sensation and durability in the tip and assuring proper bone support to allow for nail growth. Many complications can arise after fingertip amputation, including delayed wound healing, nail deformities with poor aesthetics, hypersensitivity, residual pain, cold intolerance, scar retraction, flexion contractures, chronic ulceration, infection, and flap loss. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the anatomy of the fingertip, the presentation of fingertip injuries and their management, and complications that might arise after surgery.
指尖被定义为手指远节指骨上伸肌腱和屈肌腱附着点远侧的部分。每年都有严重的手部损伤导致数千人指尖截肢。最高发病率通常出现在5岁以下儿童和65岁以上成年人中。有多种损伤表现可能最终导致创伤后指尖截肢，包括撕裂伤、撕脱伤和挤压伤。指尖对于感觉至关重要，因为它有高浓度的感觉受体，因此感觉恢复是治疗的最重要重点。治疗的三个主要目标是恢复指尖的感觉和耐用性，并确保有适当的骨骼支撑以利于指甲生长。指尖截肢后可能会出现许多并发症，包括伤口愈合延迟、指甲畸形影响美观、感觉过敏、残留疼痛、不耐寒、瘢痕挛缩、屈曲挛缩、慢性溃疡、感染和皮瓣坏死。本研究的目的是概述指尖的解剖结构、指尖损伤的表现及其处理，以及手术后可能出现的并发症。
