Koola Maju Mathew, Praharaj Samir Kumar, Pillai Anilkumar
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Curr Behav Neurosci Rep. 2019 Jun;6(2):37-50. doi: 10.1007/s40473-019-00174-5. Epub 2019 May 17.
The objective of this article is to highlight the potential role of the galantamine-memantine combination as a novel antioxidant treatment for schizophrenia.
In addition to the well-known mechanisms of action of galantamine and memantine, these medications also have antioxidant activity. Furthermore, an interplay exists between oxidative stress, inflammation (redox-inflammatory hypothesis), and kynurenine pathway metabolites. Also, there is an interaction between brain-derived neurotrophic factor and oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Oxidative stress may be associated with positive, cognitive, and negative symptoms and impairments in white matter integrity in schizophrenia. The antipsychotic-galantamine-memantine combination may provide a novel strategy in schizophrenia to treat positive, cognitive, and negative symptoms.
A "single antioxidant" may be inadequate to counteract the complex cascade of oxidative stress. The galantamine-memantine combination as "double antioxidants" is promising. Hence, randomized controlled trials are warranted with the antipsychotic-galantamine-memantine combination with oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers in schizophrenia.
本文旨在强调加兰他敏与美金刚联合使用作为治疗精神分裂症的新型抗氧化剂的潜在作用。
除了加兰他敏和美金刚众所周知的作用机制外，这些药物还具有抗氧化活性。此外，氧化应激、炎症（氧化还原 - 炎症假说）和犬尿氨酸途径代谢物之间存在相互作用。而且，在精神分裂症中，脑源性神经营养因子与氧化应激之间存在相互作用。氧化应激可能与精神分裂症的阳性、认知和阴性症状以及白质完整性受损有关。抗精神病药物 - 加兰他敏 - 美金刚联合使用可能为治疗精神分裂症的阳性、认知和阴性症状提供一种新策略。
单一抗氧化剂可能不足以对抗氧化应激的复杂级联反应。加兰他敏 - 美金刚联合使用作为“双重抗氧化剂”很有前景。因此，有必要对精神分裂症患者进行抗精神病药物 - 加兰他敏 - 美金刚联合使用与氧化应激及抗氧化生物标志物的随机对照试验。
