Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.
Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.
Pediatr Obes. 2020 Dec;15(12):e12690. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12690. Epub 2020 Jun 29.
Exercise can improve body composition in adolescents and adults with overweight/obesity. Consumption of dairy foods, as part of a healthy lifestyle program, can also promote favourable body composition changes in adults with overweight/obesity. However, the few studies examining these combined effects on body composition in adolescents are inconclusive.
To determine whether increased dairy product consumption, as part of a lifestyle modification program featuring exercise training and dietary guidance promotes favourable body composition changes in adolescent females with overweight/obesity.
Fifty-four participants (age: 14.8 ± 2.2y; BMI percentile: 95th ± 6) assigned to three groups completed the study. There were two experimental groups: recommended dairy (RDa; n = 24) and low dairy (LDa; n = 22), and a no-intervention control group (Con; n = 8). RDa and LDa participated in a 12-week, eucaloric, lifestyle modification intervention consisting of mixed-mode exercise (3x/week), and nutritional counselling. RDa was provided 4 servings/day of dairy foods, while LDa and Con maintained habitually low intakes (0-2 servings/day). Body weight/composition, waist/hip circumference, cardiovascular fitness and food intake were assessed at weeks 0 and 12.
Weight did not significantly change in any group. RDa significantly decreased fat mass (FM) and increased lean mass (LM) more than LDa and Con (FM: -1.3 ± 2.1 kg, -1.1 ± 2.0 kg, 0.8 ± 1.8 kg; LM: 1.5 ± 1.9 kg, 0.7 ± 1.6 kg, 0.5 ± 1.4 kg, respectively). LDa also significantly decreased FM and increased LM more than Con (P < .005; all interactions).
The inclusion of dairy foods in the diet of adolescent females with overweight/obesity, as part of a diet and exercise intervention, favourably improves body composition in the absence of weight loss.
运动可以改善超重/肥胖青少年和成年人的身体成分。作为健康生活方式计划的一部分，食用乳制品也可以促进超重/肥胖成年人身体成分的有利变化。然而，少数研究检查了这些综合因素对超重/肥胖青少年身体成分的影响，结果尚无定论。
确定增加乳制品的摄入量，作为运动训练和饮食指导的生活方式改变计划的一部分，是否能促进超重/肥胖的青春期女性身体成分的有利变化。
54 名参与者（年龄：14.8±2.2 岁；BMI 百分位：第 95 百分位±6）被分为三组完成研究。有两个实验组：推荐乳制品（RDa；n=24）和低乳制品（LDa；n=22），以及一个无干预对照组（Con；n=8）。RDa 和 LDa 参加了为期 12 周的、热量平衡的、生活方式改变干预，包括混合模式运动（每周 3 次）和营养咨询。RDa 每天提供 4 份乳制品，而 LDa 和 Con 则保持习惯性的低摄入量（0-2 份/天）。在 0 周和 12 周时评估体重/成分、腰围/臀围、心血管健康和食物摄入量。
任何组的体重都没有显著变化。与 LDa 和 Con 相比，RDa 显著减少脂肪量（FM）和增加瘦体量（LM）更多（FM：-1.3±2.1 公斤，-1.1±2.0 公斤，0.8±1.8 公斤；LM：1.5±1.9 公斤，0.7±1.6 公斤，0.5±1.4 公斤）。与 Con 相比，LDa 也显著减少了 FM 和增加了 LM（P<0.005；所有交互作用）。
将乳制品纳入超重/肥胖青少年饮食中，作为饮食和运动干预的一部分，在不减轻体重的情况下，有利于改善身体成分。
