Shams Shahbaz A, Haleem Abid, Javaid Mohd
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 Sep-Oct;14(5):953-961. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.06.051. Epub 2020 Jun 26.
COVID-19 pandemic has affected various countries differently due to variance in demographics, income level, health infrastructure, government response, control and enforcement, and cultural traits of different populations. This study aims to identify significant factors behind the unequal distribution of identified cases and deaths in different countries. Our study's objective is comparative analysis and identification of relations between the spread of COVID-19 pandemic, population characteristics, and government response.
The top 18 countries worst hit by COVID-19 cases were identified. The data metrics, such as the number of cases, deaths, fatality rates, tests, average life expectancy, and population, were collected and consolidated.
Countries with significant percentage of the older population are vulnerable to a high number of deaths due to COVID-19. Developed countries have higher per capita testing, whereas testing is less intensive in developing/underdeveloped countries. There is a consensus among health experts that COVID-19 has higher fatality rates for people above 60, however, with further age, this increases exponentially. Countries with higher life expectancy are also high-income countries, and the best course of action would be to provide specialized support to self-isolate for people of ages 75 and above.
The behaviour of disease occurring at a large scale and interaction with different populations is studied to understand and differentiate the factors and measures that successfully inhibited the pandemic. The study benchmarks different countries based on their performance and efforts against the pandemic and provides some useful insights on the efficiency of their governance and potential to improve & ramp up their programs. The economic status and existing healthcare infrastructure as they are the key factors in determining the country's ability to contain and minimize the losses from this pandemic.
由于不同国家人口结构、收入水平、卫生基础设施、政府应对措施、管控力度以及不同人群文化特征的差异，新冠疫情对各国的影响各不相同。本研究旨在确定不同国家确诊病例和死亡人数分布不均背后的重要因素。我们研究的目的是对新冠疫情传播、人口特征和政府应对措施之间的关系进行比较分析并加以识别。
确定了受新冠病例影响最严重的18个国家。收集并整合了病例数、死亡数、死亡率、检测数、平均预期寿命和人口等数据指标。
老年人口占比高的国家因新冠疫情易出现大量死亡病例。发达国家人均检测次数更多，而发展中/欠发达国家的检测力度较小。卫生专家一致认为，新冠疫情对60岁以上人群的死亡率更高，然而，随着年龄进一步增长，死亡率呈指数级上升。预期寿命较高的国家也是高收入国家，最佳行动方案是为75岁及以上人群提供专门的自我隔离支持。
研究大规模发生的疾病行为及其与不同人群的相互作用，以了解和区分成功抑制疫情的因素和措施。该研究根据不同国家抗击疫情的表现和努力进行基准对比，并对其治理效率以及改进和加强相关计划的潜力提供了一些有益见解。经济状况和现有的医疗基础设施是决定一个国家控制疫情并将疫情损失降至最低能力的关键因素。
