Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
The National Centre for Genomic Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, 11461 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Cells. 2020 Jun 26;9(6):1553. doi: 10.3390/cells9061553.
Painful peripheral neuropathy affects millions of people worldwide. Peripheral neuropathy develops in patients with various diseases, including rare familial or acquired amyloid polyneuropathies, as well as some common diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and several chronic inflammatory diseases. Intriguingly, these diseases share a histopathological feature-deposits of amyloid-forming proteins in tissues. Amyloid-forming proteins may cause tissue dysregulation and damage, including damage to nerves, and may be a common cause of neuropathy in these, and potentially other, diseases. Here, we will discuss how amyloid proteins contribute to peripheral neuropathy by reviewing the current understanding of pathogenic mechanisms in known inherited and acquired (usually rare) amyloid neuropathies. In addition, we will discuss the potential role of amyloid proteins in peripheral neuropathy in some common diseases, which are not (yet) considered as amyloid neuropathies. We conclude that there are many similarities in the molecular and cell biological defects caused by aggregation of the various amyloid proteins in these different diseases and propose a common pathogenic pathway for "peripheral amyloid neuropathies".
疼痛性周围神经病影响着全球数百万人。周围神经病可发生于患有各种疾病的患者中，包括罕见的家族性或获得性淀粉样多神经病，以及某些常见疾病，包括 2 型糖尿病和几种慢性炎症性疾病。有趣的是，这些疾病具有一个组织病理学特征——组织中淀粉样形成蛋白的沉积。淀粉样形成蛋白可能导致组织失调和损伤，包括对神经的损伤，并且可能是这些疾病（以及可能的其他疾病）中神经病的共同原因。在这里，我们将通过回顾已知遗传性和获得性（通常罕见）淀粉样神经病发病机制的现有认识，讨论淀粉样蛋白如何导致周围神经病。此外，我们还将讨论一些常见疾病中淀粉样蛋白在周围神经病中的潜在作用，这些疾病目前不（还）被认为是淀粉样神经病。我们的结论是，在这些不同疾病中，各种淀粉样蛋白聚集引起的分子和细胞生物学缺陷有许多相似之处，并提出了“周围淀粉样神经病”的共同发病途径。
