Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 26;17(12):4609. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124609.
SARS-CoV-2 is a member of the family of coronaviruses. The first cases were recorded in Wuhan, China, between December 2019 and January 2020. Italy is one of the most affected countries in Europe. COVID-19 is a new challenge in modern dentistry. New guidelines are required in dental clinics to avoid contagion caused by cross-infections. A narrative review was performed using both primary sources, such as scientific articles and secondary ones, such as bibliographic indexes, web pages, and databases. The main search engines were PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar. Twelve articles were selected to develop the bibliographic review by applying pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Precautionary measures should be applied to control COVID-19 in clinical practice. Several authors have highlighted the importance of telephone triage and/or clinic questionnaires, body temperature measurement, usage of personal protective equipment, surface disinfection with ethanol between 62% and 71%, high-speed instruments equipped with an anti-retraction system, four-handed work, and large-volume cannulas for aspiration. Clinically, the use of a rubber dam is essential. FFP2 (or N95) and FFP3 respirators, if compared to surgical masks, provide greater protection for health workers against viral respiratory infections. Further accurate studies are needed to confirm this.
SARS-CoV-2 是冠状病毒科的一员。第一批病例于 2019 年 12 月至 2020 年 1 月在中国武汉记录。意大利是欧洲受影响最严重的国家之一。COVID-19 是现代牙科的新挑战。牙科诊所需要新的指南，以避免交叉感染引起的传染。使用主要来源（如科学文章）和次要来源（如文献索引、网页和数据库）进行了叙述性综述。主要的搜索引擎是 PubMed、SciELO 和 Google Scholar。为了通过应用预先确定的纳入和排除标准来开发文献综述，选择了 12 篇文章。应采取预防措施以控制 COVID-19 在临床实践中的传播。几位作者强调了电话分诊和/或诊所问卷、体温测量、使用个人防护设备、62% 至 71%之间的乙醇表面消毒、配备反抽吸系统的高速仪器、四手操作和大口径吸痰管的重要性。临床上，使用橡皮障至关重要。FFP2（或 N95）和 FFP3 呼吸器与手术口罩相比，为卫生工作者提供了针对病毒性呼吸道感染的更大保护。需要进一步的准确研究来证实这一点。
