Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84126 Salerno, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 2;17(13):4769. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134769.
COVID-19 is the disease supported by SARS-CoV-2 infection, which causes a severe form of pneumonia. Due to the pathophysiological characteristics of the COVID-19 syndrome, the particular transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2, and the high globalization of our era, the epidemic emergency from China has spread rapidly all over the world. Human-to-human transmission seems to occur mainly through close contact with symptomatic people affected by COVID-19, and the main way of contagion is via the inhalation of respiratory droplets, for example when patients talk, sneeze or cough. The ability of the virus to survive outside living organisms, in aerosol or on fomites has also been recognized. The dental practitioners are particularly exposed to a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection because they cannot always respect the interpersonal distance of more than a meter and are exposed to saliva, blood, and other body fluids during surgical procedures. Moreover, many dental surgeries can generate aerosol, and the risk of airborne infection is to be considered higher. The aim of this paper is to provide practical advice for dentists based on the recent literature, which may be useful in reducing the risk of spreading COVID-19 during clinical practice.
新型冠状病毒肺炎是由 SARS-CoV-2 感染引起的疾病，可导致严重肺炎。由于 COVID-19 综合征的病理生理特征、SARS-CoV-2 的特殊传染性以及我们时代的高度全球化，中国的疫情紧急情况迅速在全球蔓延。人际传播似乎主要通过与受 COVID-19 影响的有症状者密切接触发生，主要传播途径是通过吸入呼吸道飞沫，例如当患者说话、打喷嚏或咳嗽时。该病毒在气溶胶或在污染物上存活于活体外的能力也已得到确认。由于牙医在手术过程中无法始终保持超过一米的人际距离，并且会接触到唾液、血液和其他体液，因此他们特别容易感染 SARS-CoV-2。此外，许多牙科手术会产生气溶胶，因此应考虑空气传播感染的风险更高。本文旨在根据最新文献为牙医提供实用建议，这可能有助于降低临床实践中 COVID-19 传播的风险。
