Department of Dentistry, Section of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Cleft Palate Craniofacial Unit, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Radboudumc 3D Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021 Feb;50(2):267-272. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.06.003. Epub 2020 Jun 27.
The aim of this study was to determine the amount of deviation in nasolabial shape in patients with a cleft compared with an average non-cleft face, and to assess whether this difference is related to nasolabial aesthetics. Three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric images of 60 patients with a unilateral cleft were used. To quantify shape differences, four average non-cleft faces were constructed from stereophotogrammetric images of 141 girls and 60 boys. Three-dimensional shape differences were calculated between superimposed cleft faces and the average non-cleft face for the same sex and age group. Nasolabial aesthetics were rated with the modified Asher-McDade Aesthetic Index using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Mean VAS scores ranged from 51.44 to 60.21 for clefts, with lower aesthetic ratings associated with increasing cleft severity. Shape differences were found between cleft faces and the average non-cleft face. No relationship was found for the VAS, age, and sex, except that a lower VAS was related to a higher nose and lip distance between the superimposed cleft and average non-cleft faces for nasal profile (P= 0.02), but the explained variance was low (R=0.066). In conclusion, except for nasal profile, nasolabial aesthetics were not influenced by the extent of shape differences from the average non-cleft face.
本研究旨在确定单侧唇裂患者与平均非唇裂面部之间在鼻唇形状上的偏差程度，并评估这种差异是否与鼻唇美学有关。使用 60 名单侧唇裂患者的三维立体摄影图像。为了量化形状差异，从 141 名女孩和 60 名男孩的立体摄影图像中构建了四个平均非唇裂面部。对同性别和年龄组的重叠唇裂面部与平均非唇裂面部之间的三维形状差异进行了计算。使用改良的 Asher-McDade 美学指数（Aesthetic Index）和视觉模拟量表（Visual Analogue Scale，VAS）对鼻唇美学进行了评分。唇裂的平均 VAS 评分为 51.44 至 60.21 分，随着唇裂严重程度的增加，美学评分降低。在唇裂面部和平均非唇裂面部之间发现了形状差异。除了在重叠的唇裂和平均非唇裂面部之间的鼻和唇之间的距离与 VAS、年龄和性别之间存在关系外，未发现 VAS、年龄和性别之间存在关系（P=0.02），但解释的方差较低（R=0.066）。总之，除了鼻侧轮廓外，鼻唇美学不受与平均非唇裂面部之间的形状差异程度的影响。
