Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Shool of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
J Appl Toxicol. 2020 Dec;40(12):1636-1646. doi: 10.1002/jat.4023. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
Concerns have been raised over the safety and health of industrial workers exposed to indium oxide nanoparticles (IO-NPs) when working. IO-NPs were previously shown in vitro and in vivo to be cytotoxic, but the mechanism of pathogenesis was unclear. In this study, the effects of IO-NPs on lung cells associated with respiratory and immune barriers and the toxic effects of intercellular cascades were studied. Here IO-NPs had acute toxicity to Wistar rats over a time course (5 days post-intratracheal instillation). Following treatment epithelial cells (16HBE) or macrophages (RAW264.7) with IO-NPs or IO fine particles (IO-FPs), the damage of 16HBE cells caused by IO-NPs was serious, mainly in the mitochondrial and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The lactate dehydrogenase level also showed that cytotoxicity in vitro was more serious for IO-NPs compared with IO-FPs. The level of In (examined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) in 16HBE cells was 10 times higher than that in RAW cells. In , releasing from IO-NPs absorbed by 16HBE cells, could not only significantly inhibit the phagocytosis and migration of macrophages (P < .0001), but also stimulate RAW cells to secrete high levels of inflammatory cytokines. IO-NPs can directly damage pulmonary epithelial cells. The In released by epithelial cells affect the phagocytosis and migration of macrophages, which may be a new point for the decrease in the clearance of alveolar surfactants and the development of IO-related pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
人们对从事接触氧化铟纳米粒子（IO-NPs）工作的工业工人的安全和健康表示担忧。先前的研究表明，IO-NPs 在体外和体内均具有细胞毒性，但发病机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中，研究了 IO-NPs 对与呼吸和免疫屏障相关的肺细胞的影响，以及细胞间级联的毒性作用。在此，IO-NPs 在一段时间内（气管内滴注后 5 天）对 Wistar 大鼠具有急性毒性。用 IO-NPs 或 IO 细颗粒（IO-FPs）处理上皮细胞（16HBE）或巨噬细胞（RAW264.7）后，IO-NPs 对 16HBE 细胞的损伤严重，主要在线粒体和粗面内质网。乳酸脱氢酶水平也表明，与 IO-FPs 相比，IO-NPs 的体外细胞毒性更严重。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）检测，16HBE 细胞中的 In（铟）水平是 RAW 细胞的 10 倍。在，从被 16HBE 细胞吸收的 IO-NPs 中释放出来的，不仅可以显著抑制巨噬细胞的吞噬和迁移（P <.0001），还可以刺激 RAW 细胞分泌高水平的炎症细胞因子。IO-NPs 可直接损伤肺上皮细胞。上皮细胞释放的 In 影响巨噬细胞的吞噬和迁移，这可能是肺泡表面活性剂清除减少和 IO 相关的肺泡蛋白沉积症发展的一个新点。
