Bisheshwor Prasad Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Asia Pac J Public Health. 2020 Jul;32(5):226-234. doi: 10.1177/1010539520935386. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
Disaster recovery is a complex and multidimensional process that is affected by the physical environment, social and economic conditions, and institutional strength and integrity. However, there is a lack of understanding as to why some communities recover quicker than others after experiencing the same disaster event. What are the critical factors needed for optimal disaster recovery and what factors predispose communities or individuals to poor disaster recovery? This article presents a literature-generated integrated pathways model of disaster recovery. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed literature identified 54 peer-reviewed publications that met our search criteria. The thematic content analysis of that literature revealed 14 factors that affected disaster recovery, which were clustered into 4 domains (social, physical/environmental, economic, and institutional/procedural). The integrated pathways model was developed to accommodate all of the domains and factors identified in the reviewed literature and the mediation and impact pathways that they influence. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative data collected after the 2015 Nepal earthquake, the authors will examine and verify the interaction between domains and variables to identify those elements that are found in the most recovered and least recovered communities. The aim will be to modify and refine the model and enhance the understanding of the interaction between variables and to produce a data-driven model in order to better understand the factors that impede or enhance disaster recovery.
灾难恢复是一个复杂的、多维度的过程，受到物理环境、社会经济条件以及制度的强度和完整性的影响。然而，人们对于为什么一些社区在经历同样的灾害事件后比其他社区更快地恢复，缺乏理解。实现最佳灾难恢复需要哪些关键因素，哪些因素使社区或个人容易出现灾难恢复不良的情况？本文提出了一个基于文献的灾难恢复综合途径模型。系统地搜索了同行评议文献，确定了符合我们搜索标准的 54 篇同行评议文献。对这些文献的主题内容分析揭示了影响灾难恢复的 14 个因素，这些因素被分为 4 个领域（社会、物理/环境、经济和制度/程序）。综合途径模型的开发旨在适应文献中确定的所有领域和因素，以及它们影响的中介和影响途径。作者将结合 2015 年尼泊尔地震后收集的定性和定量数据，检验和验证各领域和变量之间的相互作用，以确定在恢复最好和恢复最差的社区中发现的那些要素。目的是修改和完善模型，增强对变量之间相互作用的理解，并建立一个数据驱动的模型，以更好地了解阻碍或增强灾难恢复的因素。
