Zhang Jia-Wen, Wei Jian, Lü Yi-Fan, Duan Liang, Liu Li, Wang Jian, Meng Shu-Jin
Department of Water Environment Treatment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
College of Environmental Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Mar 8;41(3):1357-1367. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201908036.
Sediment samples were collected from 11 typical sites in Hengshui Lake separately in August 2018 and March 2019. Characteristics and ecological risk assessment of typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), in these sediments were analyzed. The results showed that the average content of ΣPAHs in sediments of Hengshui Lake was 875.49 ng·g and 1010.17 ng·g in August 2018 and March 2019, respectively. Compared with other regions in China and abroad, ΣPAHs in sediments from Hengshui Lake were at moderate pollution level. Distribution of ΣPAHs varied between different sites, but the values changed within a narrow range in different seasons. Sources of PAHs in sediments from Hengshui Lake were complex, but combustion of wood and coal was the main source, followed by oil pollution. Generally, the ecological risk of PAHs was at a low level. However, fluorene pollution control should be strengthened. For ΣOCPs, the average values in sediments were 35.57 ng·g and 38.39 ng·g in August and March, respectively. Compared with other regions, the pollution of ΣOCPs was at a moderate level. In addition, the distribution of ΣOCPs varied a small amount between different sites. There were significant differences between the two seasons. The contents of DDTs in sediments were mainly related to the residual DDTs after long-term soil weathering and the input of recent DDTs sources. Contents of HCHs in sediments were influenced by the use of HCHs in industrial history and inputs of agricultural lindane. Generally, the ecological risk of OCPs was at a medium level, but the DDTs pollution control should be strengthened. For ΣPBDEs, the average values were 1.77 ng·g and 1.45 ng·g in the sediments in August 2018 and March 2019, respectively. Compared with other regions, they were at a lower pollution level. The distribution of ΣPBDEs showed small differences between different sites, and did not obviously vary between spring and summer. The PBDEs in sediments were mainly low-bromine PBDEs, which might be contaminated with penta-BDEs from textiles and foams. Additionally, PBDEs were also probably input by distant settlement and migration from the atmosphere, and soil flushing into the lake. PBDEs posed no immediate ecological risk.
分别于2018年8月和2019年3月从衡水湖的11个典型地点采集了沉积物样本。对这些沉积物中典型持久性有机污染物（POPs）的特征及生态风险进行了评估，这些污染物包括多环芳烃（PAHs）、有机氯农药（OCPs）和多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）。结果表明，衡水湖沉积物中ΣPAHs的平均含量在2018年8月和2019年3月分别为875.49 ng·g和1010.17 ng·g。与国内外其他地区相比，衡水湖沉积物中的ΣPAHs处于中等污染水平。不同地点之间ΣPAHs的分布有所不同，但不同季节的值变化范围较窄。衡水湖沉积物中PAHs的来源复杂，但木材和煤炭燃烧是主要来源，其次是石油污染。总体而言，PAHs的生态风险处于较低水平。然而，应加强芴的污染控制。对于ΣOCPs，沉积物中的平均值在8月和3月分别为35.57 ng·g和38.39 ng·g。与其他地区相比，ΣOCPs的污染处于中等水平。此外，不同地点之间ΣOCPs的分布差异较小。两个季节之间存在显著差异。沉积物中滴滴涕（DDTs）的含量主要与长期土壤风化后的残留DDTs以及近期DDTs源的输入有关。沉积物中六氯环己烷（HCHs）的含量受工业历史上HCHs的使用以及农业林丹输入的影响。总体而言，OCPs的生态风险处于中等水平，但应加强对DDTs的污染控制。对于ΣPBDEs，2018年8月和2019年3月沉积物中的平均值分别为1.77 ng·g和1.45 ng·g。与其他地区相比，它们处于较低污染水平。不同地点之间ΣPBDEs的分布差异较小，春季和夏季之间没有明显变化。沉积物中的PBDEs主要是低溴PBDEs，可能受到纺织品和泡沫中五溴二苯醚的污染。此外，PBDEs也可能通过大气远距离沉降和迁移以及土壤冲刷进入湖泊而输入。PBDEs不存在直接的生态风险。
