Zhang Yu, Zuo Jian-E, Wang Si-Ke, Alisa Salimova, Li Ai-Jun, Li Ling-Ling
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Yunnan Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Kunming 650100, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Jun 8;41(6):2908-2917. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201909196.
Nitrogen metabolism plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle and transformation in Dianchi Lake. Not only do eukaryotes participate in nitrogen transformation but prokaryotes, as the main drivers of the nitrogen cycle, also play an extremely important role in the nitrogen cycle. Based on 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology, 13 sites in Caohai and Waihai of Dianchi Lake were monitored, and PICRUSt function analysis method was adopted to analyze the microbial community diversity and key genes of nitrogen metabolism in Dianchi Lake. Bacteria belonging to 35 phyla and 427 genera were found in Dianchi Lake water and mainly included Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Archaea had 14 phyla and 61 genera and mainly belonged to Euryarchaeota. The overall bacterial richness index of Dianchi Lake was higher than that of archaea, and the bacterial diversity index of Caohai was higher than that of Waihai. Functional prediction showed functional richness of bacteria and archaea. There were 35 KO pathways involved in nitrogen metabolism in bacteria, including key genes such as nitrogenous nitrate-reducing gene , nitric oxide reductase gene in denitrification, and nitroreductase gene . There were 23 KO pathways involved in nitrogen metabolism in archaea, involving , , and nitrogenase genes in nitrogen fixation. The copy number of nitrogenase genes was significantly higher than that of other nitrogenase genes. The copy number of nitrogen-fixing genes of archaea was higher than that of bacteria, the nitrogen metabolism capacity of archaea in Caohai was higher than that in Waihai, and the potential of nitrogen-fixation of archaea in Dianchi Lake water was higher than that of bacteria. From the perspective of community structure and function prediction of bacteria and archaea, this study discussed the differences of nitrogen cycle in bacteria and archaea in different areas of Dianchi Lake and provided a decision basis for water environment management in Dianchi Lake.
氮代谢在滇池的氮循环和转化中起着重要作用。不仅真核生物参与氮转化，作为氮循环主要驱动者的原核生物在氮循环中也发挥着极其重要的作用。基于16S rDNA高通量测序技术，对滇池草海和外海的13个位点进行了监测，并采用PICRUSt功能分析方法分析了滇池微生物群落多样性和氮代谢关键基因。在滇池水体中发现了属于35个门和427个属的细菌，主要包括变形菌门和拟杆菌门。古菌有14个门和61个属，主要属于广古菌门。滇池细菌总体丰富度指数高于古菌，草海细菌多样性指数高于外海。功能预测显示细菌和古菌具有功能丰富性。细菌中参与氮代谢的KO途径有35条，包括含氮硝酸盐还原基因等关键基因、反硝化作用中的一氧化氮还原酶基因以及硝基还原酶基因。古菌中参与氮代谢的KO途径有23条，涉及固氮作用中的、和固氮酶基因。固氮酶基因的拷贝数显著高于其他固氮酶基因。古菌固氮基因的拷贝数高于细菌，草海古菌的氮代谢能力高于外海，滇池水体中古菌的固氮潜力高于细菌。本研究从细菌和古菌的群落结构和功能预测角度，探讨了滇池不同区域细菌和古菌氮循环的差异，为滇池水环境治理提供了决策依据。
