Liu Jiahui, Huang Xianfei, Jiang Xin, Qing Chun, Li Yue, Xia Pinhua
Guizhou Province Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China.
Guizhou Caohai National Nature Reserve Management Committee, Bijie, Guizhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Mar 26;15:1380805. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1380805. eCollection 2024.
Bacteria and archaea are important components in shallow lake ecosystems and are crucial for biogeochemical cycling. While the submerged macrophyte loss is widespread in shallow lakes, the effect on the bacteria and archaea in the sediment and water is not yet widely understood.
In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to explore the bacteria and archaea in samples taken from the sediment and water in the submerged macrophyte abundant (MA) and submerged macrophyte loss (ML) areas of Caohai Lake, Guizhou, China.
The results showed that the dominant bacterial phyla were and in the sediment; the dominant phyla were , , and in the water. The dominant archaea in sediment and water were the same, in the order of , , and . Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analyses showed that bacterial and archaeal community structures in the water were significantly affected by the loss of submerged macrophytes, but not by significant changes in the sediment. This suggests that the loss of submerged macrophytes has a stronger effect on the bacterial and archaeal community structures in water than in sediment. Furthermore, plant biomass (PB) was the key factor significantly influencing the bacterial community structure in water, while total nitrogen (TN) was the main factor significantly influencing the archaeal community structure in water. The loss of submerged macrophytes did not significantly affect the alpha diversity of the bacterial and archaeal communities in either the sediment or water. Based on network analyses, we found that the loss of submerged macrophytes reduced the connectivity and complexity of bacterial patterns in sediment and water. For archaea, network associations were stronger for MA network than for ML network in sediment, but network complexity for archaea in water was not significantly different between the two areas.
This study assesses the impacts of submerged macrophyte loss on bacteria and archaea in lakes from microbial perspective, which can help to provide further theoretical basis for microbiological research and submerged macrophytes restoration in shallow lakes.
细菌和古菌是浅水湖泊生态系统的重要组成部分，对生物地球化学循环至关重要。虽然沉水植物丧失在浅水湖泊中普遍存在，但对沉积物和水体中细菌和古菌的影响尚未得到广泛了解。
在本研究中，利用16S rRNA基因测序技术，对采自中国贵州草海湖沉水植物丰富区（MA）和沉水植物丧失区（ML）沉积物和水体中的样本细菌和古菌进行了探究。
结果表明，沉积物中主要细菌门类为 和 ；水体中主要门类为 、 和 。沉积物和水体中的主要古菌相同，依次为 、 和 。非度量多维尺度分析（NMDS）表明，沉水植物丧失显著影响了水体中细菌和古菌群落结构，但对沉积物中的群落结构影响不显著。这表明沉水植物丧失对水体中细菌和古菌群落结构的影响比对沉积物中的更强。此外，植物生物量（PB）是显著影响水体中细菌群落结构的关键因素，而总氮（TN）是显著影响水体中古菌群落结构的主要因素。沉水植物丧失对沉积物或水体中细菌和古菌群落的α多样性均无显著影响。基于网络分析，我们发现沉水植物丧失降低了沉积物和水体中细菌模式的连通性和复杂性。对于古菌，沉积物中MA网络的网络关联比ML网络更强，但两区域水体中古菌的网络复杂性无显著差异。
本研究从微生物角度评估了沉水植物丧失对湖泊中细菌和古菌的影响，有助于为浅水湖泊的微生物学研究和沉水植物恢复提供进一步的理论依据。
