Zhang Fen, Cheng Tai-Hong, Chen Xin-Ping, Wang Xiao-Zhong
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Jul 8;41(7):3410-3417. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201912104.
To quantify the net greenhouse gas emissions (NGHGE) of typical open-field vegetables production in China and analyze potential mitigation measures, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method was used to calculate the agricultural inputs, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse gas emissions of open-field tomato, cucumber, Chinese cabbage, and radish production in China based on national statistical data. The results showed that greenhouse gas emissions of typical vegetable production in China were much higher than the associated carbon sequestration, suggesting that they were net greenhouse gas emitters. The weighted average net greenhouse gas emissions of open-field tomato, cucumber, Chinese cabbage, and radish production when expressed on an area basis were 4149, 3718, 3780, and 2427 kg·hm(CO-eq), respectively. The results from this study also indicated significant differences in the spatial distribution of greenhouse gas emissions for open-field vegetable production in China, and open-field tomato, cucumber, Chinese cabbage, and radish had higher greenhouse gas emissions in Hainan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, and Shandong, respectively, than in the other provinces. Fertilizer production, transportation, and application were the most significant contributors to the greenhouse gas emissions, contributing 86.8%-90.8% of the total emissions. This is significant for improving industry technology during fertilizer production and optimizing fertilizer management in open-field vegetable production based on different vegetables and provinces, which could achieve a double-win strategy in terms of increasing open-field vegetable yield and minimizing greenhouse gas emissions simultaneously.
为了量化中国典型露天蔬菜生产的净温室气体排放量（NGHGE）并分析潜在的缓解措施，基于国家统计数据，采用生命周期评估（LCA）方法计算了中国露天番茄、黄瓜、大白菜和萝卜生产的农业投入、碳固存和温室气体排放。结果表明，中国典型蔬菜生产的温室气体排放量远高于相关的碳固存量，这表明它们是净温室气体排放源。以面积为基础表示时，露天番茄、黄瓜、大白菜和萝卜生产的加权平均净温室气体排放量分别为4149、3718、3780和2427 kg·hm²（CO₂-eq）。该研究结果还表明，中国露天蔬菜生产的温室气体排放空间分布存在显著差异，露天番茄、黄瓜、大白菜和萝卜在海南、云南、陕西和山东的温室气体排放量分别高于其他省份。化肥生产、运输和施用是温室气体排放的最主要贡献因素，占总排放量的86.8%-90.8%。这对于改进化肥生产行业技术以及根据不同蔬菜和省份优化露天蔬菜生产中的肥料管理具有重要意义，这可以在提高露天蔬菜产量的同时最大限度减少温室气体排放，实现双赢策略。
