Souza Marco Andre A DE, Braga Renan P, Santos AndrÉ M Dos, Rocha Joecildo F, Castro Rosane N, Fernandes Manlio S, Souza Sonia R DE
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro/UFRRJ, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Laboratório de Bioquímica de Plantas, BR 465, Km 7, 23897-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro/UFRRJ, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Solos, Laboratório de Nutrição Mineral de Plantas, BR 465, Km 7, 23897-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2020 Jun 26;92(suppl 1):e20180321. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202020180321. eCollection 2020.
The cultivation of aromatic species to obtain essential oils has great economic importance, presenting an increasing demand from different industrial sectors, especially to menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) essential oil, rich in menthol (70-80%). Consortium cultivation has been an important practice in agricultural systems whose land use is necessary, consequently promoting strong competition for light in reduced space. Thus, this study aimed verifying if different light intensities might promote chemical, metabolical and anatomical alterations in menthol mint. Plants were grown in greenhouse at different average of light intensities (137, 254, 406 and 543 µmol photons m2 s1). Samples were collected 43 days after germination and submitted to following analyses: Gravimetric test, photosynthetic pigments, soluble fractions, enzymatic activity, N-total, trichome density and histochemistry and chemometric test based on essential oil chemical profile. Fresh mass gain, trichome density, essential oil content and soluble sugars were positively influenced by light intensity increase. On the other hand, total-N, NO3--N and pigments content have decreased influenced by light intensity increase. In the secretion from the trichomes, phenolic substances were reported, as well as lipophilic ones in the peltate ones. The increase of oxygenated monoterpenes was favored by light intensity decrease.
种植芳香植物以获取精油具有重大经济意义，不同工业部门对其需求不断增加，尤其是对富含薄荷醇（70 - 80%）的薄荷（Mentha arvensis L.）精油需求较大。间作种植在土地资源有限的农业系统中是一种重要做法，因此在有限空间内会加剧对光照的竞争。因此，本研究旨在验证不同光照强度是否会促使薄荷发生化学、代谢和解剖学变化。将植物种植在温室中，设置不同的平均光照强度（137、254、406和543 μmol光子 m² s⁻¹）。在发芽43天后采集样本，并进行以下分析：重量测试、光合色素、可溶性组分、酶活性、全氮、腺毛密度以及基于精油化学组成的组织化学和化学计量测试。鲜重增加、腺毛密度、精油含量和可溶性糖受光照强度增加的正向影响。另一方面，全氮、硝态氮和色素含量受光照强度增加的影响而降低。在腺毛分泌物中，发现了酚类物质以及盾状腺毛中的亲脂性物质。光照强度降低有利于氧化单萜类物质增加。
