Platt S, Hawton K, Kreitman N, Fagg J, Foster J
University Department of Psychiatry, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park.
Psychol Med. 1988 May;18(2):405-18. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700007959.
This is a report of clinical and epidemiological trends in parasuicide in Edinburgh and Oxford over the period of 1976 to 1984. Rates of parasuicide declined in both cities, but more markedly among women than men. Male rates tended to be higher in Edinburgh and female rates higher in Oxford. Age-specific rates were similar for the two cities in 1983-84, with peak rates for females among 15-19 year olds and those for males among 20-24 year olds in Edinburgh and 25-34 year olds in Oxford. Parasuicide incidence was higher in lower social class groups and among the unemployed in both cities. During the study period there was a massive decline in barbiturate overdoses, a more modest decline in minor tranquillizer overdoses but, in Oxford, a marked increase in self-poisoning with paracetamol. By the end of the study period the proportion of patients receiving a diagnosis of drug addiction had doubled in Edinburgh, although it had remained fairly constant in Oxford. There were differences in patterns of aftercare offered to patients in the two cities; these almost certainly reflect differing clinical policies.
这是一份关于1976年至1984年期间爱丁堡和牛津非致命性自杀行为的临床和流行病学趋势报告。两个城市的非致命性自杀率均有所下降，但女性下降幅度比男性更明显。爱丁堡男性自杀率往往更高，而牛津女性自杀率更高。1983 - 1984年两个城市的年龄别自杀率相似，爱丁堡15 - 19岁女性自杀率最高，20 - 24岁男性自杀率最高；牛津25 - 34岁男性自杀率最高。两个城市中，社会阶层较低群体和失业者的非致命性自杀发生率更高。在研究期间，巴比妥类药物过量服用情况大幅下降，小剂量镇静剂过量服用情况下降幅度较小，但在牛津，对乙酰氨基酚自我中毒情况显著增加。到研究期末，爱丁堡接受药物成瘾诊断的患者比例翻倍，而牛津这一比例基本保持不变。两个城市为患者提供的后续护理模式存在差异；这些差异几乎肯定反映了不同的临床政策。
