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[墨西哥稀缺医疗资源分配的生物伦理学指南]

[Bioethics guide on scarce medical resource allocation in Mexico].

作者信息

Medina-Arellano María de Jesús, Palacios-González César, Santos-Preciado José Ignacio

机构信息

Comité de ética del Consejo de Salubridad General. Ciudad de México, México.

Consejo de Salubridad General. Ciudad de México, México.

出版信息

Salud Publica Mex. 2020 Sep-Oct;62(5):607-609. doi: 10.21149/11747. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Abstract

The bioethical inquiry about allocating fairly scarce health resources is not new, all countries around the world that were seriously afflicted by SARS-CoV-2 have issued triage guidelines in order to address the dilemmas raised by the pandemic. There is no question about the need to create bioethical guidelines, since its creation provides a degree of certainty that fair and ethical decisions are taken. This also prevents that decisions are made in solitary and maybe motivated by corrupted actions. In Mexico, the creation of this guideline was a proactive and preventive measure to what was unavoidable, the exponential contagion phase of the pandemical scenario caused by Covid-19. On April 30, 2020 the General Sanitary Council published the Bioethical Guide to Allocate Scarce Resources on Critical Care Medicine in Emergency Situation. This guide has at its core that principle of utmost importance in social justice which main thesis is: "All lives have the same value". The aim of this contribution is to provide the ethical and legal principles established in the aforementioned bioethi-cal guideline. In sum, a brief exploration of the ethical reasons that support a specific way to allocate scarce health resources is provided, as well as the foundations of the procedural part from a human rights-based approach.

摘要

关于公平分配稀缺卫生资源的生物伦理探究并非新鲜事,所有受严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)影响的国家都发布了分诊指南,以应对疫情引发的困境。制定生物伦理指南的必要性毋庸置疑,因为其制定能在一定程度上确保做出公平且符合伦理的决策。这也能防止决策单独做出,且可能受到腐败行为的影响。在墨西哥,制定该指南是针对不可避免之事——由2019冠状病毒病(Covid-19)导致的大流行情景中的指数级传播阶段——所采取的积极预防措施。2020年4月30日,总卫生委员会发布了《紧急情况下重症医学稀缺资源分配的生物伦理指南》。该指南的核心是社会正义中极为重要的一项原则,其主要论点是:“所有生命具有同等价值”。本文的目的是阐述上述生物伦理指南中确立的伦理和法律原则。简而言之,本文简要探讨了支持以特定方式分配稀缺卫生资源的伦理原因,以及从基于人权的角度出发的程序部分的基础。

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