Health Promotion, Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ONM5G 1V2, Canada.
Clinical Public Health Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Nov;23(16):3045-3055. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020001433. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
To assess public health nutrition practice within the public health system in Ontario, Canada to identify provincial-wide needs for scientific and technical support.
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted to identify activities, strengths, challenges and opportunities in public health nutrition practice using semi-structured key informant interviews (n 21) and focus groups (n 10). Recorded notes were analysed concurrently with data generation using content analysis. System needs were prioritised through a survey.
Public health units.
Eighty-nine practitioners, managers, directors, medical officers of health, researchers and other stakeholders were purposively recruited through snowball and extreme case sampling.
Five themes were generated: (i) current public health nutrition practice was broad, complex, in transition and collaborative; (ii) data/evidence/research relevant to public health needs were insufficiently available and accessible; (iii) the amount and specificity of guidance/leadership was perceived to be mismatched with strong evidence that diet is a risk factor for poor health; (iv) resources/capacity were varied but insufficient and (v) understanding of nutrition expertise in public health among colleagues, leadership and other organisations can be improved. Top ranked needs were increased understanding, visibility and prioritisation of healthy eating and food environments; improved access to data and evidence; improved collaboration and coordination; and increased alignment of activities and goals.
Collective capacity in the public health nutrition can be improved through strategic system-wide capacity-building interventions. Research is needed to explore how improvements in data, evidence and local contexts can bridge research and practice to effectively and efficiently improve population diets and health.
评估加拿大安大略省公共卫生系统中的公共卫生营养实践，以确定全省对科学和技术支持的需求。
采用半结构式关键知情人访谈（n=21）和焦点小组（n=10），进行定性描述性研究，以确定公共卫生营养实践中的活动、优势、挑战和机遇。使用内容分析法对记录的笔记进行分析，同时进行数据分析。通过调查确定系统需求的优先级。
公共卫生单位。
通过滚雪球和极端情况抽样，有目的地招募了 89 名从业者、经理、主任、卫生医疗官、研究人员和其他利益相关者。
生成了五个主题：（i）当前的公共卫生营养实践广泛、复杂、处于过渡和协作阶段；（ii）与公共卫生需求相关的数据/证据/研究不足，且难以获取；（iii）指导/领导的数量和针对性被认为与强有力的证据不符，即饮食是健康不良的一个风险因素；（iv）资源/能力各不相同，但不足；（v）同事、领导层和其他组织对公共卫生营养专业知识的理解可以提高。排名靠前的需求包括提高对健康饮食和食品环境的认识、提高数据和证据的可及性、改善协作和协调以及增强活动和目标的一致性。
通过战略性的全系统能力建设干预措施，可以提高公共卫生营养方面的集体能力。需要研究如何改善数据、证据和地方情况，以将研究和实践联系起来，有效和高效地改善人群饮食和健康。
