Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Clin Immunol. 2020 Sep;218:108515. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108515. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
The interleukin (IL)-2 - IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) pathway is important in immunity, but is also involved in maintenance of self-tolerance. This paradox is further complicated by shedding of the IL-2Rα chain, revealing soluble (s)IL-2R. Binding of IL-2 to sIL-2R may either reduce or enhance responses depending on the target cell being involved in immunity or self-tolerance. Since sIL-2R levels are increasingly measured in clinical practice, it is detrimental for clinical interpretation to understand the possible functional impact of IL-2R shedding. In this review the role of the IL-2 - IL-2R pathway is explored and the conflicting results on the function of sIL-2R are summarized. Finally, the added value of measuring sIL-2R in different types of diseases is being elaborated upon in terms of diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis. Adequate interpretation of results is hampered by the apparent gap in our knowledge about the functional role of sIL-2R in immunity and tolerance.
白细胞介素 (IL)-2 - IL-2 受体 (IL-2R) 途径在免疫中很重要，但也参与自身耐受的维持。这种悖论进一步复杂化，因为 IL-2Rα 链的脱落，揭示了可溶性 (s)IL-2R。IL-2 与 sIL-2R 的结合可能会根据参与免疫或自身耐受的靶细胞而减少或增强反应。由于 sIL-2R 水平在临床实践中越来越多地被测量，因此了解 IL-2R 脱落可能产生的功能影响对于临床解释是有害的。在这篇综述中，探讨了 IL-2 - IL-2R 途径的作用，并总结了关于 sIL-2R 功能的相互矛盾的结果。最后，根据诊断、随访和预后，阐述了在不同类型疾病中测量 sIL-2R 的附加值。由于我们对 sIL-2R 在免疫和耐受中的功能作用的知识明显存在差距，因此对结果的充分解释受到阻碍。
