Ahuja Amit, Potanin Andrei, Joshi Yogesh M
TA Instruments, Waters LLC, 159 Lukens Drive, New Castle, DE, USA 19720.
Colgate-Palmolive Company, 909 River Road, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2020 Aug;282:102179. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102179. Epub 2020 Jun 1.
A review is presented on the topic of two-step yielding observed in complex fluids that cover a broad variety of materials ranging from colloidal gels, attractive glasses, emulsions, suspensions, and several commercial paste-like materials. The common features in various systems displaying two-step yielding behavior are the presence of two characteristic forces between the interacting particles or two varying representative length or time scales. This focused review aims to provide physical insights, mechanistic understanding of the two-step yielding and other associated rheological consequences of this nonlinear behavior. A discussion is provided on the microstructural details with an overview of different experimental systems exhibiting double-yielding studied so far highlighting the similarities and differences among them. Particularly, the effects of continuous phase properties, dispersed particle phase factors (size, shape, softness and surface charge) and external force field (electric, magnetic, thermal and shear flows) on two-step yielding are considered.
本文综述了复杂流体中观察到的两步屈服现象这一主题，这些复杂流体涵盖了从胶体凝胶、吸引性玻璃、乳液、悬浮液以及几种商业膏状材料等各种各样的材料。在显示两步屈服行为的各种系统中的共同特征是相互作用颗粒之间存在两种特征力，或者存在两个不同的代表性长度或时间尺度。这篇重点综述旨在提供物理见解，对两步屈服以及这种非线性行为的其他相关流变学结果进行机理理解。文中讨论了微观结构细节，并概述了迄今为止研究的呈现双屈服的不同实验系统，突出了它们之间的异同。特别地，考虑了连续相性质、分散颗粒相因素（尺寸、形状、柔软度和表面电荷）以及外力场（电场、磁场、热流和剪切流）对两步屈服的影响。
