The nature and substantiation of official sexual abuse reports.

A representative sample of 796 sexual abuse reports from New York State in 1985 was studied to explore factors associated with the decision to substantiate or unsubstantiate these reports. This study focused on the age, sex, and ethnicity of the subject child, and the source of the report as predictors of case substantiation. Substantiation rates tended to increase with the age of the child although this was more characteristic of reports involving female than male victims. Overall, reports involving female children were more likely to be substantiated than those involving male children. Ethnicity of the child showed no significant relationship to substantiation. Source of report, however, showed a strong relationship to case determination, with mandated reports found to be substantiated at a rate 13% higher than reports from non-mandated sources.