Segnana Michela, Oeggl Klaus, Poto Luisa, Gabrieli Jacopo, Festi Daniela, Kofler Werner, Cesco Frare Piergiorgio, Zaccone Claudio, Barbante Carlo
Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venice-Mestre, Italy.
Institute for Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwarterstraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Veg Hist Archaeobot. 2020;29(4):407-426. doi: 10.1007/s00334-019-00749-y. Epub 2019 Oct 1.
The present study aims to reconstruct vegetation development, climate changes and human impact using an ombrotrophic peat core from the Coltrondo bog in the eastern Italian Alps. Evidence from pollen, micro-charcoal, major and trace elements, and lead isotopes from this 7,900 years old peat deposit has been combined, and several climatic oscillations and phases of human impact detected. In particular, human presence was recorded in this area of the Alps from about 650 cal bc, with periods of increased activity at the end of the Middle Ages and also at the end of the 19th century, as evidenced by both human-related pollen and the increase in micro-charcoal particles. The enrichment factor of lead (EF) increased since the Roman period and the Middle Ages, suggesting mainly mining activities, whereas the advent of industrialization in the 20th century is marked by the highest EF values in the whole core. The EF data are strongly supported by the Pb/Pb values and these are in general agreement with the historical information available. Therefore, the multi-proxy approach used here has allowed detection of climatic events and human impact patterns in the Comelico area starting from the Iron Age, giving new insights into the palaeoecology as well as the course of the interaction among humans, climate and ecosystems in this part of the eastern Italian Alps.
本研究旨在利用意大利阿尔卑斯山东部科尔特朗多沼泽的一个雨养泥炭岩芯重建植被发育、气候变化和人类影响。来自这个有7900年历史的泥炭沉积物的花粉、微炭、主要和微量元素以及铅同位素的证据被综合起来，检测到了几次气候振荡和人类影响阶段。特别是，从大约公元前650年开始在阿尔卑斯山的这个地区就有人类存在，中世纪末期以及19世纪末有活动增加的时期，这一点由与人类相关的花粉和微炭颗粒的增加所证明。自罗马时期和中世纪以来，铅的富集因子（EF）增加，主要表明有采矿活动，而20世纪工业化的到来以整个岩芯中最高的EF值为标志。EF数据得到了Pb/Pb值的有力支持，并且这些值与现有的历史信息总体一致。因此，这里使用的多指标方法能够检测出从铁器时代开始的科梅利科地区的气候事件和人类影响模式，为该地区的古生态学以及意大利阿尔卑斯山东部这一地区人类、气候和生态系统之间的相互作用过程提供了新的见解。
