Department of Psychology.
Dev Psychol. 2020 Sep;56(9):1657-1670. doi: 10.1037/dev0001078. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
Although children's use of speech registers such as Baby Talk is well documented, little is known about their understanding of Foreigner Talk, a register addressed to non-native speakers. In Study 1, 4- to 8-year-old children and adults ( = 125) heard 4 registers (Foreigner Talk, Baby Talk, Peer Talk, and Teacher Talk) and predicted who would receive each. By 5 years, children selected the target addressee of Foreigner Talk above chance. In Study 2, 5- to 8-year-old children and adults ( = 94) completed a register match task manipulating 3 addressee cues: language, appearance, and origin. Prior to 7-8 years of age, children did not use the language cue alone when identifying the addressee of Foreigner Talk, and at no age did children use one cue more than another. In contrast, adults made use of language and appearance more than the origin cue. These findings suggest that an understanding of Foreigner Talk emerges by school age yet also undergoes developmental change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
尽管儿童使用婴儿语等言语语域的情况已有大量记录，但对于他们对外语语域的理解却知之甚少，外语语域是指对非本族语者使用的语域。在研究 1 中，4 至 8 岁的儿童和成年人（n=125）听到了 4 种语域（外语语域、婴儿语域、同伴语域和教师语域），并预测每种语域的使用者。到 5 岁时，儿童就能选择外语语域的目标使用者。在研究 2 中，5 至 8 岁的儿童和成年人（n=94）完成了一项语域匹配任务，该任务操纵了 3 种目标提示：语言、外貌和原籍国。在 7-8 岁之前，儿童在识别外语语域的目标使用者时，不会仅使用语言提示，而且在任何年龄段，儿童都不会比另一种提示使用得更多。相比之下，成年人更倾向于使用语言和外貌提示，而不是原籍国提示。这些发现表明，对外语语域的理解在上学年龄就已经出现，但也会经历发展变化。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
