毛细支气管炎的季节性和合并感染：热带气候中流行的特殊性及其预防的后果。

Seasonality and coinfection of bronchiolitis: epidemiological specificity and consequences in terms of prophylaxis in tropical climate.

机构信息

Virology Department, University Hospital of Martinique, Martinique, France.

Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Department, University Hospital of Martinique, Martinique, France.

出版信息

Trop Med Int Health. 2020 Oct;25(10):1291-1297. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13462. Epub 2020 Aug 5.

DOI:10.1111/tmi.13462

PMID:32628347

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To describe the viruses involved, seasonality and coinfection in hospitalised children with suspected bronchiolitis.

METHODS

Over the period 1/07/2007 to 31/12/2008, all children hospitalised for bronchiolitis in the paediatric ward were prospectively included, and had respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) screenings. We retrospectively tested all samples for RSVA, RSVB, rhinovirus (RV), human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza 1, 2, 3, 4, influenza A and influenza B.

RESULTS

198 children were tested, and 23% were negative for all viruses. RSVA was predominant in 2008 (64% of all viruses) and RSVB in 2007 (66% of all viruses). RV was frequent during both seasons (24% of all viruses). Flu was not found during the study period. Virus distribution was similar regardless of season or age, and identical to typical patterns in temperate countries. Coinfections were less frequent than in temperate regions because respiratory virus seasons seem to be better separated. The bronchiolitis season started in August and finished in December with a peak in October.

CONCLUSION

The specific seasonality of bronchiolitis infection requires palivizumab prophylaxis starting in early July for high-risk infants.

摘要

目的

描述住院毛细支气管炎患儿中涉及的病毒、季节性和混合感染情况。

方法

在 2007 年 7 月 1 日至 2008 年 12 月 31 日期间，前瞻性纳入儿科病房因毛细支气管炎住院的所有患儿，并对其进行呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）筛查。我们回顾性检测了所有样本的呼吸道合胞病毒 A（RSVA）、呼吸道合胞病毒 B（RSVB）、鼻病毒（RV）、人偏肺病毒、副流感病毒 1、2、3、4、甲型流感病毒和乙型流感病毒。

结果

共检测了 198 名患儿，其中 23%的患儿所有病毒检测均为阴性。2008 年 RSVA 占优势（所有病毒的 64%），2007 年 RSVB 占优势（所有病毒的 66%）。RV 在两个季节均很常见（所有病毒的 24%）。在研究期间未发现流感。病毒分布与季节或年龄无关，与温带国家的典型模式相同。混合感染比温带地区少见，因为呼吸道病毒季节似乎更好地分开。毛细支气管炎季节于 8 月开始，12 月结束，10 月达到高峰。