Leibniz Institute for Resilience research (LIR), 55128 Mainz, Germany.
Mol Cell Neurosci. 2020 Sep;107:103525. doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103525. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
The brain is exceptionally demanding in terms of energy metabolism. Approximately 20% of the calories consumed are devoted to our cerebral faculties, with the lion's share provided in the form of glucose. The brain's stringent energy dependency requires a high degree of harmonization between the elements responsible for supplying- and metabolizing energetic substrates. However, chronic stress may jeopardize this homeostatic energy balance by disruption of critical metabolic processes. In agreement, stress-related mental disorders have been linked with perturbations in energy metabolism. Prominent stress-induced metabolic alterations include the actions of hormones, glucose uptake and mitochondrial adjustments. Importantly, fundamental stress-responsive metabolic adjustments in humans and animal models bear a striking resemblance. Here, an overview is provided of key findings, demonstrating the pervasive impact of chronic stress on energy metabolism. Furthermore, I argue that medications, aimed primarily at restoring metabolic homeostasis, may constitute a novel approach to treat mental disorders.
大脑在能量代谢方面的要求极高。大约 20%的卡路里消耗用于我们的大脑功能，其中大部分以葡萄糖的形式提供。大脑严格的能量依赖性要求负责供应和代谢能量底物的元素之间高度协调。然而，慢性应激可能通过破坏关键代谢过程来破坏这种体内能量平衡。一致地，与应激相关的精神障碍与能量代谢的紊乱有关。突出的应激诱导的代谢改变包括激素的作用、葡萄糖摄取和线粒体的调节。重要的是，人类和动物模型中的基本应激反应代谢调节具有惊人的相似性。在这里，提供了关键发现的概述，证明了慢性应激对能量代谢的普遍影响。此外，我认为，主要旨在恢复代谢平衡的药物可能是治疗精神障碍的一种新方法。
