Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal.
Department of Surgery and Medical-surgical Specialties, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 1;17(13):4738. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134738.
Implant design evolved alongside the development of implant therapy. The purpose of this finite element analysis (FEA) study was to analyze the influence of different implant designs on the stress and strain distribution to the implants and surrounding bone. Three implant designs with the same length and diameter were used. The three-dimensional geometry of the bone was simulated with a cortical bone of three different thicknesses and two medullar bone densities: low density (150 Hounsfield units) and high density (850 Hounsfield units). A 30° oblique load of 150 N was applied to the implant restoration. Displacement and stress (von Mises) results were obtained for bone and dental implants. The strain and stress distributions to the bone were higher for the tissue-level implant for all types of bone. The maximum principal strain and stress decreased with an increase in cortical bone thickness for both cancellous bone densities. The distribution of the load was concentrated at the coronal portion of the bone and implants. All implants showed a good distribution of forces for non-axial loads, with higher forces concentrated at the crestal region of the bone-implant interface. Decrease in medullar bone density negatively affects the strain and stress produced by the implants.
种植体设计是伴随着种植体治疗的发展而不断演变的。本有限元分析（FEA）研究的目的是分析不同种植体设计对种植体和周围骨的应力和应变分布的影响。使用了三种长度和直径相同的种植体设计。使用三种不同厚度的皮质骨和两种松质骨密度（低密 150 亨氏单位和高密 850 亨氏单位）模拟了骨的三维几何形状。在种植体修复体上施加了 150N 的 30°斜向载荷。获得了骨和牙种植体的位移和（von Mises）应力结果。对于所有类型的骨，组织水平种植体的骨和种植体的应变和应力分布更高。对于两种松质骨密度，最大主应变和应力随着皮质骨厚度的增加而减小。载荷分布集中在骨和种植体的冠部。所有种植体在承受非轴向载荷时都表现出良好的力分布，在骨-种植体界面的嵴部区域集中了更高的力。骨髓骨密度的降低会对种植体产生的应变和应力产生负面影响。
