Ciavattini Andrea, Giannella Luca, De Vincenzo Rosa, Di Giuseppe Jacopo, Papiccio Maria, Lukic Ankica, Delli Carpini Giovanni, Perino Antonio, Frega Antonio, Sopracordevole Francesco, Barbero Maggiorino, Gultekin Murat
Gynecologic Section, Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2020 Jul 2;8(3):354. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8030354.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) related cervical cancer represents an issue of public health priority. The World Health Organization recommended the introduction of HPV vaccination in all national public programs. In Europe, vaccines against HPV have been available since 2006. In Italy, vaccination is recommended and has been freely offered to all young girls aged 11 years since 2008. Three prophylactic HPV vaccines are available against high- and low-risk genotypes. The quadrivalent vaccine contains protein antigens for HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. The bivalent vaccine includes antigens for HPV 16 and 18. The nonavalent vaccine was introduced in 2014, and it targets HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. Clinical trials demonstrated the effectiveness of the three vaccines in healthy young women. Likewise, all vaccines showed an excellent safety profile. The bivalent vaccine provides two doses in subjects aged between 9 and 14 years and three doses in subjects over 14 years of age. The quadrivalent vaccine provides two doses in individuals from 9 to 13 years and three doses in individuals aged 14 years and over. The nonavalent vaccine schedule provides two doses in individuals from 9 to 14 years of age and three doses in individuals aged 15 years and over at the time of the first administration. Preliminary results suggest that the HPV vaccine is effective in the prevention of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions even after local treatment. Given these outcomes, in general, it is imperative to expand the vaccinated target population. Some interventions to improve the HPV vaccine's uptake include patient reminders, physicians-focused interventions, school-based vaccinations programs, and social marketing strategies. The Italian Society of Colposcopy and Cervico-Vaginal Pathology (SICPCV) is committed to supporting vaccination programs for children and adolescents with a catch-up program for young adults. The SICPCV also helps clinical and information initiatives in developing countries to decrease the incidence of cervico-vaginal and vulvar pathology.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）相关的宫颈癌是一个公共卫生重点问题。世界卫生组织建议在所有国家公共项目中引入HPV疫苗接种。在欧洲，自2006年起就有针对HPV的疫苗。在意大利，自2008年起就推荐接种疫苗，并向所有11岁的年轻女孩免费提供。有三种预防性HPV疫苗可用于预防高危和低危基因型。四价疫苗包含针对HPV 6、11、16和18的蛋白抗原。二价疫苗包括针对HPV 16和18的抗原。九价疫苗于2014年推出，针对HPV 6、11、16、18、31、33、45、52和58型。临床试验证明了这三种疫苗在健康年轻女性中的有效性。同样，所有疫苗都显示出极佳的安全性。二价疫苗在9至14岁的人群中接种两剂，在14岁以上的人群中接种三剂。四价疫苗在9至13岁的个体中接种两剂，在14岁及以上的个体中接种三剂。九价疫苗接种方案在9至14岁的个体中接种两剂，在首次接种时15岁及以上的个体中接种三剂。初步结果表明，HPV疫苗即使在局部治疗后也能有效预防宫颈鳞状上皮内病变。鉴于这些结果，总体而言，扩大接种目标人群势在必行。一些提高HPV疫苗接种率的干预措施包括患者提醒、针对医生的干预措施、基于学校的疫苗接种计划和社会营销策略。意大利阴道镜检查和宫颈 - 阴道病理学学会（SICPCV）致力于通过为年轻人开展补种计划来支持儿童和青少年的疫苗接种计划。SICPCV还帮助发展中国家开展临床和信息倡议，以降低宫颈 - 阴道和外阴病变的发病率。
