Ross H E, Glaser F B, Germanson T
Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Research Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1988 Nov;45(11):1023-31. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1988.01800350057008.
A survey evaluated the lifetime and current prevalence of mental disorders in 501 patients seeking assistance with alcohol and other drug problems at an addiction research and treatment facility. Information was gathered using the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) and computer diagnoses were generated according to DSM-III criteria. Four fifths (78%) of the sample had a DIS lifetime psychiatric disorder in addition to substance use, and two thirds (65%) had a current DIS mental disorder. Excluding the unreliably diagnosed generalized anxiety disorder, the most common lifetime disorders were antisocial personality disorder, phobias, psychosexual dysfunctions, major depression, and dysthymia. Patients who abused both alcohol and other drugs were the most psychiatrically impaired. Patients with DIS psychiatric disorders had more severe alcohol and other drug problems. Barbiturate/sedative/hypnotic, amphetamine, and alcohol abusers were the most likely to have a DIS mental disorder.
一项调查评估了在一家成瘾研究与治疗机构寻求酒精及其他药物问题帮助的501名患者中精神障碍的终生患病率和当前患病率。使用美国国立精神卫生研究所诊断访谈表（DIS）收集信息，并根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）标准进行计算机诊断。五分之四（78%）的样本除物质使用障碍外还患有DIS终生精神障碍，三分之二（65%）患有当前DIS精神障碍。排除诊断不可靠的广泛性焦虑症后，最常见的终生障碍是反社会人格障碍、恐惧症、性心理功能障碍、重度抑郁症和心境恶劣障碍。同时滥用酒精和其他药物的患者精神损害最为严重。患有DIS精神障碍的患者存在更严重的酒精及其他药物问题。巴比妥酸盐/镇静剂/催眠药、安非他明和酒精滥用者最有可能患有DIS精神障碍。
