Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Poultry Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Janickiego Str. 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 6;10(1):11082. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68103-1.
Studies were carried out to determine the influence of age and sex on two types of fat (back fat and abdominal fat) in the emu, as these are factors that influence the composition of animal tissues. The material involved 26 emus at the age 1 (6 males), 3 (6 males) and 15 years (8 females and 6 males), kept on the same farm and fed the feed of the same nutritional value. The basic chemical composition, cholesterol and mineral content, as well as fatty acid profile of back and abdominal fat of emu were determined. Abdominal fat was characterized by higher content of fat and ash, as well as Mn and Ba. Back fat, on the other hand, showed a higher level of protein, cholesterol, C16:1 and the elements K, P, Si, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Se and Cu. With age, regardless of the type of fat tissue, fat content decreased and water content increased. The highest content of protein, ash, cholesterol, some fatty acids (C18:0, C18:1n9c, C18:2n6c), generally higher content of MUFA, PUFA and the elements K, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Pb, Se, Cr, Cd, were found in the fatty tissue of 15-year-old emus. Sex did influence the content of Si, Ca, Cu, Sr, which was higher in the fatty tissue of males. The composition of emu storage fat is determined by factors such as age, sex and the location of the fat tissue in the body.
本研究旨在探讨年龄和性别对鸸鹋两种脂肪（背部脂肪和腹部脂肪）的影响，因为这些因素会影响动物组织的组成。实验材料涉及 26 只鸸鹋，年龄分别为 1 岁（6 只雄性）、3 岁（6 只雄性）和 15 岁（8 只雌性和 6 只雄性），饲养在同一个农场，喂食相同营养价值的饲料。测定了鸸鹋背部和腹部脂肪的基本化学成分、胆固醇和矿物质含量以及脂肪酸组成。腹部脂肪的特点是脂肪和灰分含量较高，以及 Mn 和 Ba 含量较高。另一方面，背部脂肪的蛋白质、胆固醇、C16:1 和 K、P、Si、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Se 和 Cu 元素含量较高。无论脂肪组织类型如何，随着年龄的增长，脂肪含量降低，水分含量增加。15 岁鸸鹋的脂肪组织中，蛋白质、灰分、胆固醇、一些脂肪酸（C18:0、C18:1n9c、C18:2n6c）、MUFA、PUFA 以及 K、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Pb、Se、Cr、Cd 等元素的含量普遍较高。性别确实会影响 Si、Ca、Cu、Sr 等元素的含量，雄性脂肪组织中这些元素的含量更高。鸸鹋储存脂肪的组成受年龄、性别和脂肪组织在体内的位置等因素的影响。
