Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.
Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA.
Int J Public Health. 2020 Jun;65(5):547-558. doi: 10.1007/s00038-020-01396-1. Epub 2020 Jul 7.
To describe the changes in diet quality in Colombians using nationally representative samples from the 2005 and 2015 nutrition surveys.
Repeated cross-sectional analyses of the National Nutrition Surveys from 2005 and 2015. Children (4-17 y.o.) and adults (≥ 18 y.o.) were included. The Alternative Healthy-Eating Index (AHEI) was derived from 24-h recall questionnaires and used to examine diet quality.
A total of 33,971 participants (20,122 children, 13,849 adults) were included in 2005, and 26,445 participants (15,304 children, 11,141 adults) in 2015. Over the ten-year period, the AHEI decreased from 46.3 to 44.3 in children (Cohen's d = 0.19) and from 49.0 to 46.2 in adults. (Cohen's d = 0.25). On average, those in the highest socioeconomic level had the worst diet quality; however, the difference between the less and most affluent groups shrank by 4.0% over the observation period.
Between 2005 and 2015, there was a worsening in the diet quality of Colombian children and adults. Less affluent individuals had a greater worsening of diet quality compared to groups from higher socioeconomic levels.
使用来自 2005 年和 2015 年营养调查的全国代表性样本，描述哥伦比亚人饮食质量的变化。
对 2005 年和 2015 年国家营养调查进行重复的横断面分析。纳入儿童（4-17 岁）和成人（≥18 岁）。从 24 小时回顾性问卷调查中得出替代健康饮食指数（AHEI），用于检查饮食质量。
共有 33971 名参与者（20122 名儿童，13849 名成人）于 2005 年纳入研究，26445 名参与者（15304 名儿童，11141 名成人）于 2015 年纳入研究。在十年期间，儿童的 AHEI 从 46.3 下降到 44.3（Cohen's d=0.19），成人从 49.0 下降到 46.2（Cohen's d=0.25）。平均而言，社会经济地位最高的人群饮食质量最差；然而，在观察期间，较不富裕和最富裕群体之间的差异缩小了 4.0%。
2005 年至 2015 年间，哥伦比亚儿童和成人的饮食质量恶化。与社会经济水平较高的群体相比，较不富裕的个体饮食质量恶化程度更大。
