Assistant Professor, College of Social Work, University of Tennessee, United States.
Professor, School of Social Work and Department of Public Health, University of Missouri, United States.
Disasters. 2021 Oct;45(4):939-967. doi: 10.1111/disa.12452. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
Given the increasing threat of disasters in the United States and elsewhere around the world, well-tested assessment tools that operationalise specific protective factors associated with adaptation and resilience to such events are needed. Consequently, the authors proposed, developed, and validated the Disaster Adaptation and Resilience Scale (DARS) to measure five domains found to support adaptive responses in individuals exposed to disasters: physical resources; social resources; problem-solving; distress regulation; and optimism. The development and validation processes of DARS occurred across two studies: the first comprised construct development, item generation, and expert review, whereas the second involved a full validation evaluation of the psychometric properties of the scale in a sample of adults exposed to a disaster in the US (N=625). The results revealed that DARS had psychometric properties that support its use among adults experiencing a disaster. A discussion is presented on how the scale can be employed in both research and practice.
鉴于美国和世界其他地区日益增加的灾害威胁，需要使用经过充分验证的评估工具来确定与适应和抵御此类事件相关的具体保护因素。因此，作者提出、开发和验证了灾害适应和恢复能力量表（DARS），以衡量五个领域，这些领域被发现可以支持个体在遭受灾害时的适应性反应：物质资源；社会资源；解决问题；情绪调节；和乐观。DARS 的开发和验证过程分为两项研究：第一项研究包括结构发展、项目生成和专家审查，第二项研究则涉及在美国经历灾害的成年人样本中对量表的心理测量特性进行全面验证评估（N=625）。结果表明，DARS 具有心理测量特性，支持其在经历灾害的成年人中使用。本文还讨论了如何在研究和实践中使用该量表。
