1Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, and.
2Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2020 Jul;18(7):899-906. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7590.
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment in the past 2 decades, mostly with immune checkpoint blockade approaches. In squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), the initial efficacy of immunotherapy was observed in patients with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) disease who received other prior systemic treatment. As monotherapy, anti-PD-1 therapies induce responses in 13% to 18% of patients. More recently, immunotherapy in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapy demonstrated greater safety and efficacy as first-line systemic treatment compared with chemotherapy alone. In R/M SCCHN, the most important benefit of immunotherapy is the significantly improved overall survival, especially in patients with PD-L1-positive tumors. As of 2019, immunotherapy can be used as first-line or subsequent treatment of R/M SCCHN. Many ongoing trials are evaluating immunotherapy combinations or novel immunotherapy strategies, aiming to improve response rate and overall survival. As new targets are identified and new approaches are leveraged, the role of immunotherapy in R/M SCCHN continues to evolve.
在过去的 20 年中，免疫疗法彻底改变了癌症治疗方式，主要是通过免疫检查点阻断方法。在头颈部鳞状细胞癌（SCCHN）中，免疫疗法在接受过其他先前全身治疗的复发性或转移性（R/M）疾病患者中观察到了最初的疗效。作为单药治疗，抗 PD-1 疗法可诱导 13%至 18%的患者产生应答。最近，与单独化疗相比，免疫疗法联合细胞毒性化疗作为一线全身治疗具有更高的安全性和疗效。在 R/M SCCHN 中，免疫疗法的最重要益处是显著改善了总生存期，尤其是在 PD-L1 阳性肿瘤患者中。截至 2019 年，免疫疗法可用于 R/M SCCHN 的一线或后续治疗。许多正在进行的试验正在评估免疫疗法联合或新型免疫疗法策略，旨在提高反应率和总生存期。随着新靶点的确定和新方法的利用，免疫疗法在 R/M SCCHN 中的作用不断发展。
